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Solvents

Solvents

A solvent is a substance, most often a liquid, that can dissolve other substances. Here, the substance being dissolved is called a solute. When a solvent and a solute combine, they form a solution - a homogenous mixture of both the solvent and the solute. Water is a universal biological solvent. Its polar structure allows it to dissolve many other polar compounds. The ability of water to dissolve is governed by a balance between water molecules binding to each other and binding to the solute.
A...

Bioremediation

Bioremediation

Bioremediation is the use of prokaryotes, fungi, or plants to remove pollutants from the environment. This process has been used to remove harmful toxins in groundwater as a byproduct of agricultural run-off and also to clean up oil spills.

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Updated: Aug 25, 2025

Ultrafast Lignin Extraction from Unusual Mediterranean Lignocellulosic Residues

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Published on: March 9, 2021

Deep Eutectic Solvents: Alternative Solvents for Biomass-Based Waste Valorization.

Giovanni P Rachiero¹, Paula Berton², Julia Shamshina³

¹Valagro S.p.A., Via Cagliari 1, 66041 Atessa, Chieti, Italy.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

|October 14, 2022

Summary

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) offer eco-friendly solutions for biomass waste valorization, transforming waste into valuable products. This review highlights DESs

Keywords:

biomass recovery circular economy deep eutectic solvents ionic liquids

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Area of Science:

Green Chemistry
Biomass Valorization
Sustainable Solvents

Background:

Biomass waste streams can be transformed into valuable feedstocks using innovative technologies.
Established markets exist for biomass-derived chemicals and biopolymers, with strict quality and safety regulations.
Ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are emerging as environmentally friendly solvents for biomass processing.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advancements in new-solvent technologies for biomass waste valorization.
To emphasize the role of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) in developing novel biomass valorization processes.
To highlight DESs' importance in chitin recovery and the isolation of chemicals and biofuels from biomass waste.

Main Methods:

Review of recent scientific literature on deep eutectic solvents and biomass waste valorization.
Focus on studies demonstrating the application of DESs in chitin recovery.
Analysis of research showcasing DESs for isolating valuable chemicals and biofuels from biomass.

Main Results:

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) show significant promise as effective and sustainable solvents for biomass waste treatment.
DESs facilitate efficient chitin recovery from various biomass sources.
DESs enable the isolation of valuable chemicals and biofuels, contributing to a circular economy.

Conclusions:

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are key enabling technologies for the sustainable valorization of biomass waste.
The application of DESs in chitin recovery and the production of chemicals and biofuels is a rapidly advancing field.
Further research into DESs will drive innovation in green chemistry and the bio-based economy.