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Real-Time Non-Contact Millimeter Wave Radar-Based Vital Sign Detection.

Zhiqiang Gao1, Luqman Ali2, Cong Wang2

  • 1School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 14, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a millimeter wave radar system for detecting vital signs like heartbeat and respiration. The system effectively filters static interference, achieving accurate measurements with low error rates.

Keywords:
Doppler frequency shiftFourier transformdetectionheartbeat detectionmm-wave radar

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Radar Systems Engineering

Background:

  • Vital signs monitoring is crucial for healthcare.
  • Millimeter wave radar offers a non-contact method for physiological monitoring.
  • Extracting vital signs from radar echoes is challenging due to clutter and noise.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and verify a millimeter wave radar system for extracting heartbeat and respiration signals.
  • To develop a robust detection algorithm capable of filtering static interference.
  • To validate the system's accuracy using vital signs experiments.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized millimeter wave radar for target object detection and vital sign spectrum extraction.
  • Implemented maximum likelihood estimation for the average early warning probability trigger function.
  • Employed moving target detection and filtering to mitigate static clutter interference.
  • Applied Fourier transform to thoracic movement data for spectrum analysis.
  • Performed CO-simulation using Modelsim and Quartus for functional verification.

Main Results:

  • Successfully extracted heartbeat and respiration signals from radar data.
  • Achieved low relative errors: 0-6.3% for heartbeat and 0-9.5% for respiration.
  • Demonstrated effective filtering of static clutter without impacting signal phase.
  • Verified algorithm performance with real-world vital signs experiments using a sports bracelet.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed millimeter wave radar system effectively detects and extracts vital signs.
  • The developed algorithm accurately filters interference, ensuring reliable heartbeat and respiration measurements.
  • This technology shows promise for non-contact, accurate physiological monitoring.