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Tightly autofocusing beams along the spherical surface.

Zhaojin Guo, Sheng Liu, Peng Li

    Optics Express
    |October 14, 2022
    PubMed
    Summary

    Tightly autofocusing beams (TABs) can follow spherical paths, enhancing focusing performance. Shortening the focal length of these beams can further improve sub-diffraction-limit focal spots and longitudinal polarization.

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Electromagnetism
    • Beam Propagation

    Background:

    • Tightly autofocusing beams (TABs) offer unique focusing properties.
    • Controlling beam trajectories is crucial for advanced optical applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To theoretically demonstrate TAB propagation along spherical surfaces.
    • To analyze the impact of spherical trajectories on TAB focusing.
    • To investigate methods for enhancing focal field properties.

    Main Methods:

    • Derivation of a generalized expression for spherical trajectory TABs.
    • Analysis of nonparaxial accelerating Bessel beams.
    • Numerical simulation of beam propagation and focusing.

    Main Results:

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    • TABs can propagate along defined spherical trajectories.
    • Spherical trajectories influence focal spot characteristics.
    • Shortening focal length enhances longitudinal polarization and reduces focal spot size.
    • Achieved minimum focal spot size of 0.096λ² with 98.36% longitudinal field.

    Conclusions:

    • Spherical TABs provide a novel pathway for enhanced optical focusing.
    • The findings enable precise control over focal field polarization and spot size.
    • Potential applications in super-resolution imaging and optical manipulation.