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    This study introduces a novel transmissive coding metasurface (TCMS) for controlling dual-circularly polarized multi-beam waves. The metasurface enables simultaneous modulation of left-hand and right-hand circularly polarized beams, with experimental validation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Electromagnetism and Metamaterials
    • Optical Physics
    • Wave Engineering

    Background:

    • The Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) phase offers control over circularly polarized electromagnetic waves.
    • Limited research exists on modulating dual-circularly polarized multi-beam waves using transmissive coding metasurfaces.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate a scheme for spin-controlling multi-beam waves using a transmissive coding metasurface (TCMS).
    • To achieve simultaneous modulation of dual-circularly polarized beams.

    Main Methods:

    • Design of a TCMS capable of transmitting linearly polarized incidence into multi-beams with orthogonally circular polarization.
    • Phase distribution design based on the convolution theorem and arrangement of metasurface elements conforming to the PB phase.
    • Implementation of a phase compensation scheme for emitting spherical waves into plane waves with dual-circular polarization.

    Main Results:

    • The developed TCMS successfully transmits linearly polarized waves into two left-hand circularly polarized (LHCP) and two right-hand circularly polarized (RHCP) beams.
    • Experimental results from a fabricated prototype closely match simulation data.
    • The metasurface demonstrates effective control over dual-circularly polarized multi-beam generation.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed TCMS scheme effectively achieves spin-controlled multi-beam generation for dual-circular polarization.
    • The experimental validation confirms the design's efficacy.
    • This transmissive metasurface technology holds significant potential for applications in holography and satellite communication.