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Pulse Oximetry

Pulse Oximetry

Pulse oximetry, or SpO2, is a non-invasive method for continuously monitoring arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2). This procedure involves attaching a probe or sensor to the patient's fingertip, forehead, earlobe, or nose bridge. The sensor works by detecting changes in oxygen saturation levels through light signals generated by the oximeter and reflected by the pulsing blood under the probe.
Purpose
Average SpO2 values are greater than 95%. If the readings fall below 90%, it indicates that...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 25, 2025

Local Field Fluorescence Microscopy: Imaging Cellular Signals in Intact Hearts

Local Field Fluorescence Microscopy: Imaging Cellular Signals in Intact Hearts

Published on: March 8, 2017

Single-wavelength, single-shot pulse oximetry using an LED-generated vector beam.

Rutendo Jakachira, Mbaye Diouf, Zixi Lin

|October 14, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new photoplethysmography (PPG) method using radially polarized light from LEDs. It enables single-shot blood oxygen saturation measurements at a single wavelength, improving speed and precision.

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Last Updated: Aug 25, 2025

Local Field Fluorescence Microscopy: Imaging Cellular Signals in Intact Hearts

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Luminescence Lifetime Imaging of O2 with a Frequency-Domain-Based Camera System

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Published on: December 16, 2019

Area of Science:

Biomedical Optics
Optical Sensing Technologies

Background:

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a standard optical method for monitoring blood oxygen saturation.
Conventional PPG uses dual wavelengths and sequential measurements, limiting speed and precision.
Previous attempts to enhance PPG precision involved polarized light, but required multiple measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel PPG technique for rapid, single-shot blood oxygen saturation measurements.
To explore the use of radially polarized light for improved PPG sensing.
To demonstrate the generation of vector beams using light-emitting diodes (LEDs).

Main Methods:

Utilized radially polarized light generated by a light-emitting diode (LED).
Employed a single wavelength for light absorption measurements.
Achieved measurements at a rate of 50 frames per second (fps).

Main Results:

Successfully obtained single-shot blood oxygen saturation measurements.
Demonstrated the feasibility of using radially polarized light in PPG.
Achieved high-speed (50 fps) measurements with a novel technique.

Conclusions:

The novel PPG technique offers a promising approach for efficient blood oxygen monitoring.
This work represents a new application of vector beams in optical sensing.
It is the first demonstration of vector beam generation using LEDs for PPG applications.