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Progression of Myopic Maculopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Motohiro Itoi1, Osamu Hieda, Natsuki Kusada

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.

Eye & Contact Lens
|October 14, 2022
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

The progression of myopic maculopathy (MM) is linked to its baseline severity. Pathologic myopia (PM) at baseline significantly increases the risk of MM progression, highlighting severity as a key factor.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Retinal Diseases
  • Myopia Research

Background:

  • Myopic maculopathy (MM) is a leading cause of visual impairment in patients with pathologic myopia (PM) and high myopia (HM).
  • Understanding risk factors for MM progression is crucial for timely intervention and management.
  • Previous studies have explored various risk factors, but a comprehensive analysis based on MM severity is needed.

Approach:

  • A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies published before December 2020 was conducted.
  • Risk factors for MM progression in patients with PM and HM were analyzed.
  • Odds ratios (ORs) for MM progression were calculated across different severity stages using the META-PM classification.

Key Points:

  • Pathologic myopia (PM) at baseline significantly elevates the risk of MM progression (pooled OR: 7.17).
  • Greater baseline myopic maculopathy (MM) severity is strongly associated with increased MM progression.
  • Eyes with MM category 3 or higher showed a substantially increased risk of progression compared to category 2 (pooled OR: 10.95).

Conclusions:

  • The progression of myopic maculopathy (MM) is significantly associated with its baseline severity.
  • Early detection and monitoring of MM severity are critical for predicting and managing disease progression.
  • These findings underscore the importance of the META-PM classification in assessing MM progression risk.

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