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Related Concept Videos

Ultrasonography01:17

Ultrasonography

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Ultrasonography is an imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the body's internal structures. It is a non-invasive and safe procedure that does not involve the use of ionizing radiation, making it widely used in various medical fields. Ultrasonography is used to study heart function, blood flow in the neck or extremities, certain conditions such as gallbladder disease, and fetal growth and development.
During an ultrasonography procedure, a handheld device called...
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Assessment of the Abdomen I: Inspection and Auscultation01:25

Assessment of the Abdomen I: Inspection and Auscultation

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Introduction
The abdominal examination is a cornerstone of clinical medicine, serving as a critical tool in diagnosing various gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. It involves a systematic approach that includes inspection and auscultation, each with distinct yet complementary roles in assessing the abdomen. This article will delve into these two primary methods healthcare professionals use to examine the abdomen.
Inspection of the Abdomen
The first step in any abdominal examination is inspection....
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Sound Intensity Level00:53

Sound Intensity Level

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Humans perceive sound by hearing. The human ear helps sound waves reach the brain, which then interprets the waves and creates the perception of hearing. The loudness of the environment in which a person is located determines whether they can distinguish between different sound sources.
The human ear can perceive an extensive range of sound intensity, necessitating the use of the logarithmic scale to define a physical quantity—the intensity level. It is a ratio of two intensities and...
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Heart Sounds01:15

Heart Sounds

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Heart sounds are generated by the turbulence in blood flow due to the closing of heart valves. These sounds are best perceived slightly away from the valves, where the blood flow disseminates the sound.
Auscultation is the process of listening to these internal body sounds using a stethoscope. The heart produces four types of sounds, but only two—S1 and S2—can usually be heard with a stethoscope.
S1, also known as the "lub" sound, is caused by the closure of atrioventricular (A-V)...
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Perception of Sound Waves01:01

Perception of Sound Waves

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The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same...
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Sound Waves: Interference00:53

Sound Waves: Interference

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Sound waves can be modeled either as longitudinal waves, wherein the molecules of the medium oscillate around an equilibrium position, or as pressure waves. When two identical waves from the same source superimpose on each other, the combination of two crests or two troughs results in amplitude reinforcement known as constructive interference. If two identical waves, that are initially in phase, become out of phase because of different path lengths, the combination of crests with troughs...
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Updated: Aug 25, 2025

Multiplexing Focused Ultrasound Stimulation with Fluorescence Microscopy
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Multiplexing Focused Ultrasound Stimulation with Fluorescence Microscopy

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[Infrasound - implications for human medicine].

J M Vahl1, J V A Keppeler2, D Krahe3

  • 1Klinik für Hals‑, Nasen‑, Ohrenheilkunde und Kopf-Hals-Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Frauensteige 12, 89075, Ulm, Deutschland. Julius.Vahl@uniklinik-ulm.de.

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|October 14, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Infrasound, a low-frequency environmental sound below human hearing, can impact health with chronic exposure. Research is complex but exploring monitoring and medical applications for infrasound is ongoing.

Keywords:
CancerHearingNoiseOccupational medicineWind turbine

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Area of Science:

  • Acoustics and environmental science, focusing on low-frequency sound phenomena.

Context:

  • Infrasound (infrasonic sound), defined as sound below 20 Hz, is prevalent in the environment.
  • While often below the human hearing threshold, it can be perceived tactilely and audibly at higher sound pressure levels.
  • Natural infrasound emissions typically occur at low thresholds, but artificial sources can lead to chronic exposure.

Purpose:

  • To discuss the complexities and controversies surrounding the measurement and assessment of infrasound sources.
  • To highlight emerging research areas, including infrasound monitoring for natural events and potential medical applications.
  • To underscore the need for more extensive classification and understanding, particularly in occupational medicine.

Summary:

  • Infrasound is a ubiquitous environmental sound (< 20 Hz) with long wavelengths, perceivable tactilely and audibly under certain conditions.
  • Chronic exposure to artificial infrasound may cause adverse health effects, necessitating accurate measurement and assessment, which are currently complex and lack established guidelines.
  • Current research focuses on infrasound monitoring for natural events and exploring its applications in medicine, aiming for future insights and occupational health classifications.

Impact:

  • Infrasound research has the potential to improve environmental monitoring and develop novel medical therapies.
  • Enhanced understanding and classification of infrasound are crucial for occupational health and safety regulations.
  • Addressing the complexities in infrasound measurement will pave the way for standardized guidelines and risk assessment.