Quantitative evaluation method of smoke exhaust performance and application on exhaust volume optimization in tunnel...

This study investigated the indicators in the quantitative method of evaluating the smoke exhaust performance, which provided a theoretical basis for the optimization of the smoke extraction system under the lateral centralized mode in tunnel fires. The criterion was proposed for plug-holing, and the theoretical models of smoke exhaust efficiency were established to distinguish whether the plug-holing occurs or not. The relationship between efficiency, effectiveness, and efficacy was analyzed from the perspective of smoke and heat exhaust. Meanwhile, this evaluation method was applied to the optimization of exhaust volume in a practical engineering through FDS numerical simulation. The results show that Ri is a vital basis for reflecting the movement form of smoke and the exhaust effect. The critical value of Ri is 1.09 when plug-holing occurs in a standard three-lane immersed tunnel, resulting in a significant reduction in the efficiency of smoke exhaust. The greater the exhaust volume of the exhaust fan, the greater the Ri value, the higher the total smoke and heat exhaust efficiency, and the better the exhaust effectiveness of smoke inlets without plug-holing. Under longitudinal ventilation, the optimal exhaust volume is 180 m³/s at 20 MW and 360 m³/s at 50 MW in the application case.