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Rapid and Highly Sensitive Method for Evaluating Surface Coatings against an Enveloped RNA Virus
Masayuki Sano1, Kana Morishita1, Yuri Onizawa1
1Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
ACS Applied Bio Materials
|October 14, 2022
Summary
This study introduces a fast, sensitive method using Sendai virus (SeV) to test antiviral coatings. Mucin in saliva was found to protect viruses, impacting coating effectiveness evaluations.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Materials Science
- Biochemistry
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic heightened awareness of viral transmission via aerosols and surfaces.
- Effective antiviral coatings are crucial for preventing viral persistence on nonliving surfaces.
- Conventional antiviral assays are often laborious, slow, and have high detection limits.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a rapid and highly sensitive method for evaluating antiviral coatings.
- To utilize recombinant Sendai virus (SeV) as a model for enveloped RNA viruses.
- To investigate the influence of mucins on the efficacy of antiviral surface coatings.
Main Methods:
- Developed a SeV-based assay measuring luciferase activity to assess antiviral coatings.
- Tested coatings containing iodine solubilized in polyvinyl acetate.
- Examined the effect of mucins, a major component of saliva, on viral activity and coating efficacy.
Main Results:
- The SeV-luciferase assay enabled rapid, quantitative evaluation of antiviral coatings.
- Coatings with iodine in polyvinyl acetate showed antiviral properties.
- Mucins significantly protected viral luciferase activity, indicating a role in viral protection at the interface.
Conclusions:
- A novel, rapid, and sensitive method for evaluating antiviral coatings using SeV was established.
- The findings highlight the importance of considering salivary components like mucins for accurate antiviral coating assessment.
- This method can accelerate the optimization of antiviral surfaces against enveloped RNA viruses.
