Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 25, 2025
Modified Posterior Vertebral Column Resection for Patients with Thoracolumbar Kyphotic Deformity
Published on: September 16, 2022
Dropped Head Syndrome Caused by Thoracolumbar Deformity: A Report of 3 Cases
Yoshifumi Kudo1, Tomoaki Toyone, Ichiro Okano
1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
Case:
We present 3 patients with dropped head syndrome (DHS) caused by thoracolumbar kyphotic deformity who were successfully treated with thoracolumbar corrective surgery only. After the surgery, their symptoms, neck pain, and horizontal gaze difficulty disappeared, and cervical kyphotic alignment was improved indirectly. At the final follow-up, the whole spinal alignment was maintained, and there was no recurrence of symptoms.
Conclusion:
Surgeons should consider thoracolumbar spine deformity as the possible primary cause of typical DHS symptoms and recognize that thoracolumbar corrective surgery is an effective method for treating DHS patients with thoracolumbar deformity.
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01:26Flail Chest-II
Assessment:
1. Clinical Evaluation:
History:
01:24Flail Chest-I
Flail chest is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the fracture of three or more adjacent ribs in multiple places. It is most commonly caused by direct impacts and trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or injuries from a steering wheel impact. It can also occur due to falls in elderly individuals with osteoporosis, or assaults involving sharp objects.
Pathophysiology
The pathophysiology of flail chest is complex, involving fractures of...