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Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

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Published on: November 11, 2013

Revealing solid electrolyte interphase formation through interface-sensitive Operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy.

Jack E N Swallow^1,2,3, Michael W Fraser^1,3, Nis-Julian H Kneusels⁴

¹Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK.

Nature Communications

|October 14, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Observing the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) in Li-ion batteries is challenging. Operando soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy reveals SEI chemical evolution on silicon anodes, detailing component formation and the benefits of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC).

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Elemental-sensitive Detection of the Chemistry in Batteries through Soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering

Elemental-sensitive Detection of the Chemistry in Batteries through Soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering

Published on: April 17, 2018

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Spectroscopy

Background:

The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is crucial for Li-ion battery longevity.
Direct observation of SEI formation at the electrode-electrolyte interface is difficult.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate operando soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy for in-situ SEI analysis.
To investigate SEI chemical evolution on amorphous silicon anodes during cycling.
To understand the role of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) in SEI formation and stability.

Main Methods:

Operando soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) in total electron yield (TEY) mode.
Electrochemical cycling of Li-ion cells with amorphous silicon anodes.
Acquisition of O, F, and Si K-edge spectra as a function of applied potential.

Main Results:

Resolved nm-scale chemical evolution of the SEI during electrochemical formation.
Identified sequential formation of inorganic (LiF) and organic (-(C=O)O-) SEI components, leading to layering.
Observed FEC addition promotes SEI formation at higher potentials, correlating with defect healing and improved cycling.

Conclusions:

Operando TEY-XAS provides unprecedented insights into SEI formation mechanisms.
FEC addition enhances SEI stability and Li-ion battery performance through improved defect healing.
This technique is applicable to diverse electrode materials and electrolyte formulations for interphase studies.