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Propagation of Waves

Propagation of Waves

When a wave propagates from one medium to another, part of it may get reflected in the first medium, and part of it may get transmitted to the second medium. In such a case, the interface of the two mediums can be considered as a boundary that is neither fixed nor free.
Consider a scenario where a wave propagates from a string of low linear mass density to a string of high linear mass density. In such a case, the reflected wave is out of phase with respect to the incident wave, however the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 25, 2025

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

Published on: March 20, 2017

Long-distance pattern projection through an unfixed multimode fiber with natural evolution strategy-based wavefront

Shengfu Cheng, Tianting Zhong, Chi Man Woo

|October 15, 2022

Summary

Natural gradient ascent optimizes light wavefronts for high-fidelity pattern projection through complex media, overcoming noise and disturbance for enhanced energy delivery and biomedical applications.

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Last Updated: Aug 25, 2025

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

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Published on: March 20, 2017

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

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Area of Science:

Optics
Wavefront Shaping
Biomedical Optics

Background:

Focusing light into arbitrary patterns through complex media is crucial for energy delivery.
Existing wavefront shaping methods face challenges in pattern fidelity and contrast, especially in noisy environments.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a robust and efficient wavefront optimization strategy for high-quality light pattern projection.
To enhance pattern fidelity and focusing contrast in complex and dynamic scattering media.

Main Methods:

Utilized natural gradient ascent-based parameter optimization for wavefront control.
Implemented a novel fitness function based on cosine similarity for algorithm evaluation.
Tested the method through a 15-meter perturbed multimode fiber for long-distance pattern projection.

Main Results:

Demonstrated faster convergence and improved robustness compared to existing phase control algorithms.
Achieved higher focusing contrast without compromising similarity to the target pattern.
Successfully projected arbitrary light patterns over a long distance (15m) through a dynamic multimode fiber.

Conclusions:

Natural gradient ascent offers a superior approach for wavefront optimization in complex media.
The enhanced method significantly improves pattern projection performance, resisting noise and perturbations.
Potential for advanced biomedical applications like deep-tissue photon therapy and optogenetics.