Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Stress: General Loading Conditions01:15

Stress: General Loading Conditions

366
To grasp the intricacy of real-world conditions where multiple loads are applied simultaneously to a structure, one might visualize a section passing through a specific point within a body, aligned parallel to the xy plane. This section is subjected to various forces, including original loads, normal forces, and shearing forces.
The shearing force, possessing potential directionality within the plane of the section, is simplified into two component forces running parallel to the x and y axes....
366
Normal Strain under Axial Loading01:20

Normal Strain under Axial Loading

624
Normal strain under axial loading is an important concept in the field of mechanics of materials. Axial loading implies the application of a force along the axis of a material, like a column or bar. This force can either compress or stretch the material. In the context of axial loading, normal strain is the deformation experienced by the material in the direction of the loading force. It's calculated as the change in length divided by the original length of the material. This unitless ratio...
624

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Silk Ionomer-Based Modular Nanocoatings for Potential Immuno-Regenerative Cell Therapy in Osteoarthritis.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same author

Social and Demographic Health Disparities in Knee Osteoarthritis and Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Arthroplasty today·2026
Same author

Intrinsic Viscoelasticity of Type II Collagen Contributes to the Viscoelastic Response of Immature Bovine Articular Cartilage Under Unconfined Compression Stress Relaxation.

Journal of biomechanical engineering·2026
Same author

Investigating property-porosity relationships for micro-architected lattice structures.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Synovial fluid protects cartilage against fatigue failure in cyclical compression.

Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft·2025
Same author

Toward Lesion-specific Stenting Strategies: A Computational Framework to Validate the Deployment of Balloon-expandable Stents.

Annals of biomedical engineering·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 25, 2025

Real-time Visualization and Analysis of Chondrocyte Injury Due to Mechanical Loading in Fully Intact Murine Cartilage Explants
08:42

Real-time Visualization and Analysis of Chondrocyte Injury Due to Mechanical Loading in Fully Intact Murine Cartilage Explants

Published on: January 7, 2019

6.9K

Superficial zone chondrocytes can get compacted under physiological loading: A multiscale finite element analysis.

Kimberly R Kroupa1, Lianna R Gangi2, Brandon K Zimmerman1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, 500 West 120th Street, 220 S.W. Mudd, New York, NY 10027, USA.

Acta Biomaterialia
|October 15, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Superficial zone (SZ) chondrocytes in joints die from normal loading. This study used finite element analysis to show fluid loss in SZ chondrocytes, explaining their vulnerability and potential role in cartilage repair.

Keywords:
CartilageCell volumeChondrocyteContact mechanicsFinite element analysis

More Related Videos

A Microfluidic Platform for Stimulating Chondrocytes with Dynamic Compression
07:23

A Microfluidic Platform for Stimulating Chondrocytes with Dynamic Compression

Published on: September 13, 2019

6.7K
An Experimental and Finite Element Protocol to Investigate the Transport of Neutral and Charged Solutes across Articular Cartilage
07:57

An Experimental and Finite Element Protocol to Investigate the Transport of Neutral and Charged Solutes across Articular Cartilage

Published on: April 23, 2017

6.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 25, 2025

Real-time Visualization and Analysis of Chondrocyte Injury Due to Mechanical Loading in Fully Intact Murine Cartilage Explants
08:42

Real-time Visualization and Analysis of Chondrocyte Injury Due to Mechanical Loading in Fully Intact Murine Cartilage Explants

Published on: January 7, 2019

6.9K
A Microfluidic Platform for Stimulating Chondrocytes with Dynamic Compression
07:23

A Microfluidic Platform for Stimulating Chondrocytes with Dynamic Compression

Published on: September 13, 2019

6.7K
An Experimental and Finite Element Protocol to Investigate the Transport of Neutral and Charged Solutes across Articular Cartilage
07:57

An Experimental and Finite Element Protocol to Investigate the Transport of Neutral and Charged Solutes across Articular Cartilage

Published on: April 23, 2017

6.3K

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Mechanobiology
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Superficial zone (SZ) chondrocytes in articular cartilage are vulnerable to physiological loading.
  • Understanding the mechanical environment of these cells is crucial for explaining cell death and potential repair mechanisms in joints.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanical factors contributing to superficial zone chondrocyte death under physiological loading conditions.
  • To analyze the interstitial fluid pressure, hydraulic permeability, and volume changes within SZ chondrocytes during simulated joint loading.

Main Methods:

  • Multiscale finite element analysis of articular contact under physiological loading.
  • Parametric investigation of pericellular matrix modulus and permeability effects.
  • Tracking temporal evolution of intracellular fluid pressure, permeability, and volume.

Main Results:

  • Superficial zone chondrocytes can lose up to 90% of intracellular fluid after hours of loading.
  • Intracellular hydraulic permeability decreases by over three orders of magnitude due to fluid loss.
  • Simulated normal activities like walking can cause significant intracellular fluid volume reduction.

Conclusions:

  • Physiological loading can induce significant fluid loss in superficial zone chondrocytes, potentially impairing metabolic activity and leading to cell death.
  • This mechanical stress provides a plausible explanation for SZ chondrocyte vulnerability.
  • Findings suggest a potential role for cell replenishment in cartilage's intrinsic repair mechanisms.