FGF5 alleviated acute lung injury via AKT signal pathway in endothelial cells

Acute lung injury (ALI), with high morbidity and mortality, is mainly resulted by infectious or non-infectious inflammatory stimulators, and it will further evolve into acute respiratory distress syndrome if not controlled. Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) consist of more than 23 kinds of members, which are involved in various pathophysiological processes of body. However, the effect of FGF5, one member of FGFs, is still not certain in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. In this study, we explored the possible impacts of FGF5 in LPS-induced ALI and primarily focused on endothelial cell, which was one of the most vulnerable cells in septic ALI. In the mouse group of FGF5 overexpression, LPS-induced lung injuries were mitigated, as well as the pyroptosis levels of pulmonary vascular endothelial cells. Additionally, in vitro human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), our results showed that the level of cell pyroptosis was ameliorated with FGF5 overexpression, and AKT signal was activated with the overexpression of FGF5, whereas after administration of MK2206, an inhibitor of AKT signal, the protection of FGF5 was inhibited. Therefore, these results suggested that FGF5 exerted protective effects in endothelial cells exposed to LPS, and this protection of FGF5 could be attributed to activated AKT signal.