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Pyroptosis predicts immunotherapy outcomes across multiple cancer types
Song Li1, Pengxiang Chen2, Bo Cheng3
1Department of Medical Oncology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan 250012, China.
Clinical Immunology (Orlando, Fla.)
|October 16, 2022
Summary
Pyroptosis, a programmed cell death, correlates with immunotherapy response in cancer. High pyroptosis potential predicts better outcomes with PD1/PDL1 inhibitors and can be enhanced by conventional therapies.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Pyroptosis is an inflammatory programmed cell death pathway.
- Its role in cancer immunotherapy response is not well understood.
- Assessing pyroptosis in patients receiving immunotherapy is needed.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate pyroptosis potentials in cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy.
- To determine if pyroptosis can predict response to immunotherapy.
- To explore strategies for enhancing pyroptosis in cancer treatment.
Main Methods:
- Meta-analysis of 71 cohorts (24,388 patients).
- Analysis of pyroptosis scores in relation to tumor characteristics and treatment outcomes.
- Validation in independent clinical and institutional cohorts using immunohistochemistry.
Main Results:
- Pyroptosis was elevated in tumors versus normal tissues, with weak prognostic correlation.
- High pyroptosis indicated 'hot tumors' and better response to PD1/PDL1 inhibitors.
- A pyroptosis score predicted objective response rate, progression-free survival, and overall survival in immunotherapy-treated patients.
- Chemotherapy and endocrine therapy enhanced pyroptosis in drug-resistant tumors.
Conclusions:
- Pyroptosis potential is a valuable biomarker for predicting immunotherapy response in cancer.
- Combining pyroptosis inducers with immunotherapy offers a potential therapeutic strategy.
- Findings provide a rationale for integrating pyroptosis modulation into cancer treatment regimens.
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