Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 25, 2025
08:53
The Arteriovenous AV Loop in a Small Animal Model to Study Angiogenesis and Vascularized Tissue Engineering
Published on: November 2, 2016
12.6K
Pathophysiology of Avascular Necrosis
Matthew E Wells1, John C Dunn2
1William Beaumont Army Medical Center, El Paso, TX, USA; Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA.
Hand Clinics
|October 16, 2022
Summary
Avascular necrosis, a bone condition due to poor blood supply, has many causes and affects various joints. Carpal avascular necrosis is rare, making treatment options and surgical management debated among hand surgeons.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Vascular Biology
- Bone Diseases
Background:
- Avascular necrosis (AVN) is a complex disease caused by insufficient blood supply to bone.
- It can lead to bone collapse and degenerative arthritis.
- While common in the femoral head, AVN also affects the proximal humerus, knee, and carpus.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the multifactorial nature of avascular necrosis.
- To highlight the challenges in treating carpal avascular necrosis due to its low incidence.
- To discuss the ongoing debate regarding optimal surgical management for carpal AVN.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of avascular necrosis.
- Analysis of predisposing factors (patient-specific, anatomic-specific, injury-specific).
- Discussion of disease progression and common sites of occurrence.
Main Results:
- AVN involves direct vascular disruption, intravascular obliteration, or extravascular compression.
- Early stages may be asymptomatic, progressing to subchondral collapse.
- Carpal AVN presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to low incidence.
Conclusions:
- Understanding AVN's multifactorial causes is crucial.
- Optimal surgical management for carpal AVN requires further investigation.
- Further research into carpal-specific AVN causes, informed by fracture healing physiology, is needed.
Keywords:
AVNAvascular necrosisCarpal bonesKienbockOsteochondritis dissecansOsteonecrosisPathophysiologyPreiserMore Related Videos
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