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Axonal arborization in the developing chick retinotectal system.

S Thanos, F Bonhoeffer

    The Journal of Comparative Neurology
    |July 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Chicken retinal ganglion cell axons form complex branching patterns in the developing brain. This study reveals that significant arborization and retinotopic projection refinement occur during a critical embryonic period.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Developmental Biology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Axon growth and guidance are crucial for establishing neural circuits.
    • The retinotectal system in chickens provides a model for studying visual pathway development.
    • Understanding axonal arborization patterns informs our knowledge of neural connectivity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the temporal dynamics of chicken retinal ganglion cell axon growth and arborization.
    • To characterize the development of terminal arbors in the chick retinotectal system.
    • To identify key events contributing to retinotopic projection formation.

    Main Methods:

    • Intraaxonal transport of fluorescent dyes (D282 or diI) to label retinal ganglion cell axons.
    • Microscopic analysis of axonal growth cones and terminal arborizations in the developing tectum.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Quantification of axonal tree extension (anterior/posterior and dorsal/ventral) and branching points at different embryonic days.

    • Main Results:

    • Axon branching and arborization initiate around embryonic day 9 (E9) in the stratum griseum et fibrosum superficiale (SGFS).
    • The anterior/posterior and dorsal/ventral extents of terminal arbors increase significantly between embryonic days 13-14 and 15-16.
    • The number of branching points per axon also increases substantially during this developmental window, with further estimated increases by embryonic day 18.

    Conclusions:

    • The final branching pattern of retinotectal axons is established within a relatively short embryonic period.
    • Axon pathfinding involves changes in dorsal/ventral position and the emergence of anterior/posterior side branches prior to terminal arborization.
    • These findings elucidate critical developmental processes shaping the chick retinotectal projection.