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The Thyroid Gland

The Thyroid Gland

The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...

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Subglottic Thyroglossal Cyst: A Case Report.

Gayathri Vijayakumar¹, Nazrin Hameed¹, Preethy Mary¹

¹Department of Ear Nose and Throat, Medical Trust Hospital, Kochi- 682016, Kerala, India.

Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

|October 17, 2022

Summary

A rare subglottic thyroglossal duct cyst presented atypically in a 30-year-old male with dysphonia. This case highlights the potential for serious complications from this congenital anomaly.

Keywords:

Embryology Intralaryngeal Thyroglossal duct cyst

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Area of Science:

Otolaryngology
Head and Neck Surgery
Congenital Anomalies

Background:

Thyroglossal duct cysts (TDCs) are common congenital neck anomalies.
Typically present as midline neck swellings in adults, varying in location.

Observation:

A 30-year-old male presented with recent onset dysphonia and an unnoticed neck swelling.
Clinical examination revealed a 2 cm midline cystic lesion.
Laryngoscopy and CT identified a subglottic, smooth, mucosa-covered cyst.

Findings:

Surgical excision via laryngofissure was performed with an uneventful recovery.
Postoperative biopsy confirmed a subglottic thyroglossal duct cyst.
This subglottic location is exceptionally rare for TDCs.

Implications:

Highlights the atypical presentation of thyroglossal duct cysts.
Underscores the potential for life-threatening complications from seemingly innocuous pathology.
Recommends against fine needle aspiration cytology due to the critical subglottic location.