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Stocking density, restricted trough space, and implications for sheep behaviour and biological functioning.

Bonnie T Mayes1, L Amy Tait1, Frances C Cowley1

  • 1School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.

Frontiers in Veterinary Science
|October 17, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Higher stocking density in sheep export voyages reduced lying time and impaired preferred positions, but did not significantly affect weight or immune health. Increased space improved adaptation and resting behaviors.

Keywords:
allometryfaecal glucocorticoid metaboliteslive exportlying positionsruminant welfare

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Welfare Science
  • Livestock Husbandry
  • Veterinary Science

Background:

  • Stocking density and trough space are critical factors influencing sheep welfare during live export.
  • Understanding these impacts is essential for improving animal husbandry practices on transport vessels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the welfare implications of varying stocking densities and trough space allowances for Merino wethers during simulated live export conditions.
  • To assess the effects on sheep behavior, live weight, immune cell counts, and stress indicators.

Main Methods:

  • 720 Merino wethers were housed in 40 pens at five stocking densities for 18 days.
  • Behavioral observations (focal animal and scan sampling) and measurements of live weight, immune cells, and fecal glucocorticoid metabolites (FGCMs) were conducted.
  • Data were analyzed to determine the impact of stocking density and trough space.

Main Results:

  • Higher stocking densities led to reduced lying time and impaired preferred lying positions, with increased agonistic interactions and displacements early in the trial.
  • A slight reduction in live weight was observed at higher densities, but FGCM concentrations and immune cell counts remained largely unaffected.
  • Trough space allowance had minimal impact on measured welfare indicators and behavior.

Conclusions:

  • While sheep exhibited behavioral adaptations to higher stocking densities, providing more space facilitated adaptation and preferred resting behaviors.
  • The observed behavioral changes suggest sheep could cope, but additional space offers welfare benefits.
  • Findings should be interpreted within the experimental context, excluding factors like heat and ocean swell present in actual live exports.