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Pyroptosis and respiratory diseases: A review of current knowledge

Jialiang Sun1, Yanan Li1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.

Frontiers in Immunology
|October 17, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Pyroptosis, a programmed cell death, involves pore formation and cytokine release. This review explores pyroptosis

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Immunology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Pyroptosis is a programmed cell death characterized by inflammation and cell membrane pore formation.
  • Classical mediators include caspases-1, -4, -5, -11, and Gasdermin D (GSDMD); however, caspases-3 and -8 also participate.
  • Pyroptosis releases inflammatory cytokines like interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, distinct from autophagy and apoptosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the relationship between pyroptosis and respiratory diseases.
  • To highlight the dual role of pyroptosis in immune defense and disease pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review summarizing existing research on pyroptosis.
  • Analysis of pyroptosis mechanisms and its involvement in respiratory conditions.

Main Results:

  • Pyroptosis plays a role in immune defense against pathogens.
  • Pyroptosis is implicated in various respiratory diseases, including acute lung injury, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and asthma.
  • Excessive pyroptosis contributes to airway inflammation, tissue damage, and poor prognosis in respiratory diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Pyroptosis is a significant factor in the pathology of respiratory diseases.
  • Understanding pyroptosis mechanisms is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies for inflammatory respiratory conditions.
Keywords:
NLRP3caspaseinfectioninflammationpyroptosisrespiratory diseases

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