Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity01:21

Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity

4.7K
The human immune system is a complex defense mechanism that protects the body from harmful pathogens and foreign substances. It comprises two crucial components: innate and adaptive immunity.
Innate immunity is the body's natural, nonspecific defense system that acts quickly to protect against pathogens. It incorporates physical barriers like skin and mucous membranes and cellular elements such as phagocytes and natural killer cells. This part of our immune system provides an immediate,...
4.7K
Introduction to Lymphatic and Immune System01:22

Introduction to Lymphatic and Immune System

5.4K
Immunity is a crucial biological concept about our body's inherent capacity to prevent infections and diseases. A complex network of cells and tissues collectively known as the immune system facilitates this natural defense mechanism. The immune system plays an integral role in maintaining our health and well-being, shielding us from potential health threats.
The immune responses can be categorized into two types: innate and adaptive. Innate immunity comprises nonspecific defenses we are...
5.4K
Immunological Memory01:23

Immunological Memory

3.3K
Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
3.3K
Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

1.0K
The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
1.0K
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

69.7K
Overview
69.7K
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

3.1K
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
3.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Immune hyperactivity in hemodialysis patients is associated with interferon gamma-induced trained immunity.

iScience·2026
Same author

Circulating metabolites associated with protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and inhibition of mycobacterial growth.

Communications biology·2026
Same author

Transcription-based identification of uncharacterized genes in the human immune response.

European journal of human genetics : EJHG·2026
Same author

Delivering cytokine mRNA to secondary lymphoid organs for robust cancer immunotherapy.

Research square·2026
Same author

Molecular signatures and causal factors underlying latent cytomegalovirus infection among people living with HIV (PLHIV).

Nature communications·2026
Same author

TGF-β mediates epigenetic control of innate antiviral responses and SIV reservoir size.

Nature immunology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 25, 2025

Characterization of Thymus-dependent and Thymus-independent Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses in Mice Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay
06:15

Characterization of Thymus-dependent and Thymus-independent Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses in Mice Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Published on: September 7, 2018

9.5K

Trained immunity - basic concepts and contributions to immunopathology.

Jordi Ochando1,2, Willem J M Mulder3,4, Joren C Madsen5,6

  • 1Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. Jordi.Ochando@mssm.edu.

Nature Reviews. Nephrology
|October 17, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Trained immunity, a reprogramming of innate immune cells, enhances responses to infections but can also drive inflammation in diseases like lupus. Targeting its epigenetic pathways offers new therapeutic strategies.

More Related Videos

Unraveling Key Players of Humoral Immunity: Advanced and Optimized Lymphocyte Isolation Protocol from Murine Peyer's Patches
08:25

Unraveling Key Players of Humoral Immunity: Advanced and Optimized Lymphocyte Isolation Protocol from Murine Peyer's Patches

Published on: November 21, 2018

13.8K
Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes
12:59

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes

Published on: September 26, 2013

34.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 25, 2025

Characterization of Thymus-dependent and Thymus-independent Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses in Mice Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay
06:15

Characterization of Thymus-dependent and Thymus-independent Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses in Mice Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Published on: September 7, 2018

9.5K
Unraveling Key Players of Humoral Immunity: Advanced and Optimized Lymphocyte Isolation Protocol from Murine Peyer's Patches
08:25

Unraveling Key Players of Humoral Immunity: Advanced and Optimized Lymphocyte Isolation Protocol from Murine Peyer's Patches

Published on: November 21, 2018

13.8K
Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes
12:59

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes

Published on: September 26, 2013

34.7K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Epigenetics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Trained immunity is a functional state of innate immune cells, involving long-term epigenetic reprogramming.
  • It enhances immune responses against pathogens after infection or vaccination.
  • Trained immunity can be central (in bone marrow) or peripheral (in monocytes/macrophages).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the dual role of trained immunity in host defense and inflammatory diseases.
  • To understand its implications in conditions beyond infectious diseases, such as autoimmune disorders and transplantation.
  • To highlight the potential for novel therapeutic strategies targeting innate immune epigenetic and metabolic pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on trained immunity.
  • Analysis of epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming in innate immune cells.
  • Examination of trained immunity's role in infectious diseases, autoimmune conditions, and organ transplantation.

Main Results:

  • Trained immunity enhances protection against infections via epigenetic reprogramming of innate immune cells.
  • Aberrant trained immunity contributes to inflammation in systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis.
  • Suppression of trained immunity improves allograft survival in organ transplantation.

Conclusions:

  • Trained immunity plays a complex role, offering protection against infections but potentially driving autoimmune and transplant-related inflammation.
  • Understanding central and peripheral trained immunity provides insights into long-term innate immune memory.
  • Targeting epigenetic and metabolic pathways of trained immunity presents a promising therapeutic avenue for various diseases.