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Spot alignment based on a five-photodiode receiver for a UWOC system.

Sheng Xie, Haining Mi, Renhai Feng

    Applied Optics
    |October 18, 2022
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study introduces a novel five-photodiode receiver (5-PDR) and a hidden Markov model (HMM) denoising algorithm to improve underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) spot alignment accuracy. The combined approach significantly reduces alignment errors, even in noisy conditions.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Engineering
    • Signal Processing
    • Underwater Communications

    Background:

    • Traditional underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) systems often separate spot alignment and communication paths.
    • Signal attenuation and underwater noise can degrade the accuracy of spot alignment in existing UWOC systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a novel five-photodiode receiver (5-PDR) that integrates communication and spot alignment functions.
    • To introduce a new denoising algorithm based on the hidden Markov model (HMM) for enhanced signal processing.
    • To improve the overall spot alignment accuracy in UWOC systems.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a five-photodiode receiver (5-PDR) incorporating transimpedance amplifiers (TIAs), gain stages, and output buffers.
    • Implementation of a hidden Markov model (HMM) based denoising algorithm.
    • Integration of the 5-PDR with the HMM denoising algorithm for combined spot alignment and communication.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed method significantly improves spot alignment accuracy compared to traditional four-quadrant detectors (4-QD).
    • Root mean square error (RMSE) was reduced by 57.2% in simulations.
    • The RMSE was maintained within 0.0108 mm, even under challenging underwater conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • The novel 5-PDR combined with the HMM denoising algorithm offers a robust solution for accurate spot alignment in UWOC.
    • Experimental validation confirms the effectiveness of the 5-PDR for spot alignment in UWOC applications.
    • This integrated approach addresses key limitations in current UWOC systems, enhancing communication reliability.