Nanostructured photosensitive layer for Tamm-plasmon-polariton-based organic solar cells

The influence of the volume fraction of plasmonic nanoparticles on the efficiency of the Tamm-plasmon-polariton-based organic solar cell is investigated in the framework of temporal coupled mode theory and confirmed by the transfer matrix method. It is shown that, unlike a conventional plasmonic solar cell, in which the efficiency is directly proportional to the volume fraction of nanoparticles in the photosensitive layer, the efficiency of the proposed solar cell reaches the highest value at low volume fractions. This effect is explained by the fact that at these volume fractions, the critical coupling condition of the incident field with the Tamm plasmon polariton is fulfilled. Thus, for the incoming radiation range of 350 to 500 nm, a maximal cell efficiency of 28% is achieved with a volume fraction of nanoparticles equal to 10%. Additionally, the optical properties of the photosensitive layer are compared for the cases of determining its complex refractive index by effective medium theory and the S-parameter retrieval method. A good agreement between the results is demonstrated, which encourages the use of the effective medium theory for preliminary calculations.