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Portrait imaging relighting system based on a simplified photometric stereo method.

Hsin-Yuan Chang, Tzung-Han Lin

    Applied Optics
    |October 18, 2022
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study introduces a simplified photometric stereo system for portrait image relighting. The method generates acceptable relit images, validated by subjective assessments from 24 adult subjects.

    Area of Science:

    • Computer Vision
    • Computer Graphics
    • Image Processing

    Background:

    • Photometric stereo is a technique used to reconstruct 3D surface information from a set of images taken under different lighting conditions.
    • Traditional photometric stereo methods can be complex and require precise calibration.
    • Portrait image relighting aims to alter the lighting of a portrait to achieve desired aesthetic effects or to match new lighting environments.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and evaluate a simplified photometric stereo system for portrait image relighting.
    • To develop a system capable of generating shade-less images and synthesizing normal maps from shaded inputs.
    • To assess the quality and user preference of relit portrait images generated by the proposed system.

    Main Methods:

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  • The system utilizes a controllable digital single-lens reflex camera and five polarized flashlights.
  • It obtains a color shade-less image and synthesizes a normal map from shaded images.
  • Normal map calibration involves a linear combination of shaded images, clamped to specific normal directions on a white-coated sphere.
  • Relit images are generated using inverse rendering within a predefined virtual environment.

    • Main Results:

    • The system successfully synthesizes normal maps from shaded images.
    • Color shade-less images are obtained, facilitating relighting.
    • Subjective assessments by 24 adult subjects indicated acceptable performance for the relighting results.
    • Experiments across different scenarios demonstrated the system's viability.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed simplified photometric stereo system is effective for portrait image relighting.
    • The method provides an acceptable approach for generating relit portrait images.
    • The system demonstrates potential for applications requiring controllable portrait lighting.