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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 25, 2025

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

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Simulating multilevel diffractive optical elements on a spatial light modulator.

Lehloa Mohapi, Leon M Geiger, Jan G Korvink

|October 18, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Multilevel diffractive optical elements (DOEs) can create structured light with high fidelity. This study introduces a theory and experiments to evaluate efficiency and modal purity for various light beams generated by DOEs.

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Area of Science:

Optics and Photonics
Structured Light Generation

Background:

Multilevel diffractive optical elements (DOEs) approximate complex phase profiles stepwise.
Previous research on DOEs primarily focused on efficiency, neglecting modal content impacts.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a theory and experimental validation for efficiency and modal purity of multilevel DOEs.
To investigate the impact of multilevel DOEs on structured light, including orbital angular momentum, Bessel, and Airy beams.

Main Methods:

Theoretical modeling of efficiency and modal purity for arbitrary structured light from multilevel DOEs.
Experimental implementation using a phase-only spatial light modulator to generate various beam types.
Quantitative evaluation of efficiency and purity for both theoretical and experimental results.

Main Results:

A simple theory accurately predicts efficiency and modal purity for multilevel DOEs.
Experimental results confirm theoretical predictions, showing high fidelity for modes generated by DOEs.
A low number of multilevel steps is sufficient for producing high-purity modes.

Conclusions:

Multilevel DOEs can effectively generate structured light with high modal purity.
The developed theoretical framework aids in digitally evaluating modal effects before fabricating DOEs.
This work provides valuable insights for researchers designing DOEs for structured light applications.