Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Yeast Signaling01:28

Yeast Signaling

14.7K
Yeasts are single-celled organisms, but unlike bacteria, they are eukaryotes (cells with a nucleus). Cell signaling in yeast is similar to signaling in other eukaryotic cells. A ligand, such as a protein or a small molecule released from a yeast cell, attaches to a receptor on the cell surface. The binding stimulates second-messenger kinases to activate or inactivate transcription factors that further regulate gene expression. Many of the yeast intracellular signaling cascades have similar...
14.7K
Constitutive and Regulated Gene Expression01:27

Constitutive and Regulated Gene Expression

97
Gene expression in prokaryotes is governed by constitutive and regulated systems, allowing cells to balance the production of essential proteins with adaptive responses to environmental changes.Constitutive Gene ExpressionConstitutive, or housekeeping, genes are continuously expressed as they encode proteins vital for fundamental cellular processes. These include enzymes for glycolysis, ribosomal components for protein synthesis, and proteins involved in DNA replication. Their constant...
97
What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

169.6K
Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
169.6K
Repressible Operon: trp Operon01:21

Repressible Operon: trp Operon

115
The trp operon in Escherichia coli exemplifies a repressible operon. It regulates the synthesis of tryptophan through repressor-mediated transcriptional control and attenuation. This dual regulatory mechanism ensures tryptophan biosynthesis occurs only when needed, conserving cellular resources.Structure of the trp OperonThe trp operon consists of five structural genes (trpE, trpD, trpC, trpB, and trpA) that encode enzymes for tryptophan biosynthesis. These genes are transcribed as a single...
115
Stringent Response in E. coli01:23

Stringent Response in E. coli

42
Bacterial growth is closely tied to nutrient availability, with cells proliferating exponentially under favorable conditions and entering a stationary phase when resources become scarce. This transition is mediated by a regulatory mechanism known as the stringent response, which allows bacteria to adapt to nutrient deprivation by modulating gene expression and metabolic activity.During nutrient scarcity, intracellular amino acid levels decline. It results in the accumulation of uncharged tRNAs...
42
Diversity in Cell Signaling Responses01:22

Diversity in Cell Signaling Responses

6.7K
The physiological function of a cell and cellular communication are outcomes of a range of extrinsic signals, intracellular signaling pathways, and cellular responses. No two cell types express the same repertoire of signaling components. Receptors are highly selective for their cognate ligands, but once activated, they can alter multiple cellular processes such as DNA transcription, protein synthesis, and metabolic activity. 
Graded and Abrupt Responses
Some signaling systems generate...
6.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Illusion of competence: vision-language models provide confident but inaccurate explanations in cytological diagnostics.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Evaluation of a virtual Ayurvedic whole-systems lifestyle intervention for quality of life in breast cancer survivors: An exploratory randomized controlled trial.

Explore (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Rethinking traffic safety: the case for reducing kinetic energy exposure, not just speed.

Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention·2026
Same author

Resolving METTL5 Specificity: Direct RNA Sequencing Reveals No Compelling Evidence for METTL5 mediated mRNA m6A Methylation in mESCs.

microPublication biology·2026
Same author

AI-based hematological malignancy prediction from peripheral blood smears in a large diagnostic laboratory cohort.

Leukemia·2026
Same author

EchoVisuALL: From Echocardiography to Gene Discovery.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 25, 2025

Measuring mRNA Levels Over Time During the Yeast S. cerevisiae Hypoxic Response
09:45

Measuring mRNA Levels Over Time During the Yeast S. cerevisiae Hypoxic Response

Published on: August 10, 2017

8.3K

Altered expression response upon repeated gene repression in single yeast cells.

Lea Schuh1,2,3,4, Igor Kukhtevich2, Poonam Bheda2

  • 1Institute of AI for Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.

Plos Computational Biology
|October 18, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Cells show faster gene repression after repeated environmental changes. This study reveals a shortened delay in response, not increased cell division or more repressing cells, explains this adaptation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

More Related Videos

High-throughput Screening for Protein-based Inheritance in S. cerevisiae
08:12

High-throughput Screening for Protein-based Inheritance in S. cerevisiae

Published on: August 8, 2017

6.4K
Temporal Quantification of MAPK Induced Expression in Single Yeast Cells
07:59

Temporal Quantification of MAPK Induced Expression in Single Yeast Cells

Published on: October 4, 2013

8.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 25, 2025

Measuring mRNA Levels Over Time During the Yeast S. cerevisiae Hypoxic Response
09:45

Measuring mRNA Levels Over Time During the Yeast S. cerevisiae Hypoxic Response

Published on: August 10, 2017

8.3K
High-throughput Screening for Protein-based Inheritance in S. cerevisiae
08:12

High-throughput Screening for Protein-based Inheritance in S. cerevisiae

Published on: August 8, 2017

6.4K
Temporal Quantification of MAPK Induced Expression in Single Yeast Cells
07:59

Temporal Quantification of MAPK Induced Expression in Single Yeast Cells

Published on: October 4, 2013

8.6K

Area of Science:

  • Cellular biology
  • Systems biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Cells adapt to environmental changes via gene regulation.
  • Faster gene induction upon repeated stimuli is known as reinduction memory.
  • Gene repression responses to repeated stimuli are less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate gene repression kinetics in single Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells under repeated carbon source shifts.
  • To quantitatively describe the cellular response to repeated gene repression.
  • To identify mechanisms underlying faster repression responses.

Main Methods:

  • Monitoring galactokinase 1 (Gal1) gene expression in over 1,500 single yeast cells.
  • Applying mathematical modeling to single-cell data to analyze repression kinetics.
  • Comparing observed responses to alternative hypotheses like cell dilution or increased repressing cell fractions.

Main Results:

  • Observed a faster population-level response to repeated gene repression.
  • Identified a shortened repression response delay as the primary mechanism.
  • Ruled out increased proliferation or a larger fraction of repressing cells as explanations.

Conclusions:

  • Provides a quantitative description of single-cell repression kinetics.
  • Pinpoints a shortened repression response delay as key to faster adaptation.
  • Offers a computational framework for future experimental investigations into cellular memory.