Paper-based colorimetric glucose sensor using Prussian blue nanoparticles as mimic peroxidase.

Area of Science:

• Nanomaterials Science
• Biosensors
• Analytical Chemistry

Background:

• Development of sensitive and stable glucose detection methods is crucial for diabetes management.
• Traditional enzymatic sensors often face challenges with stability and industrial scalability.
• Prussian blue nanoparticles (PB NPs) offer a promising alternative to natural peroxidases due to their stability.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a novel paper-based colorimetric glucose sensor utilizing Prussian blue nanoparticles (PB NPs).
• To evaluate the sensor's performance for glucose detection in whole blood, focusing on stability, reproducibility, and linearity.
• To assess the potential for industrialization and clinical application, particularly in community-level healthcare.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of a paper-based sensor by spraying a solution containing PB NPs, glucose oxidase, and chromogenic agents.
• Implementation of a layer-by-layer structure to enable whole blood analysis and mitigate the coffee-ring effect.
• Characterization of sensor performance, including linear range, reproducibility, storage stability, and comparison with commercial kits.

Main Results:

• The PB NPs demonstrated effective mimic peroxidase activity, preserved even in dry conditions.
• The sensor exhibited a linear detection range of 2.5 mM to 25 mM for glucose in whole blood.
• Satisfactory reproducibility (CV < 4%), excellent storage stability (1 month at 45°C), and high linearity (R > 0.99) were achieved.

Conclusions:

• The developed paper-based sensor using PB NPs is a stable, reproducible, and industrially viable tool for glucose detection.
• The sensor, coupled with a handheld device, enables user-friendly operation, automatic readouts, and cloud connectivity.
• This technology shows significant potential for clinical applications, especially in community-based medical settings.