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Ultra-broadband coherent perfect absorption via elements with linear phase response.

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Area of Science:

Metasurfaces
Terahertz (THz) technology
Optical engineering

Background:

Metasurfaces are engineered materials with subwavelength structures that can manipulate electromagnetic waves.
Coherent perfect absorption (CPA) is a phenomenon where incident light is completely absorbed by a material under specific conditions.
Achieving ultra-broadband CPA with polarization independence remains a significant challenge in terahertz (THz) applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and demonstrate a mirror-symmetric coherent absorption metasurface (CAMS) for ultra-broadband CPA in the THz regime.
To achieve polarization-independent absorption by controlling the interplay between electromagnetic waves and matter.
To explore the potential of such metasurfaces in THz modulators, all-optical switches, and signal processors.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a CAMS using resistive thin films and annular metal patterns.
Incorporation of internal and external ring-shaped films with phase-delay lines to achieve desired phase response.
Utilizing a metal-medium composite structure to enhance coherent absorptivity.
Manipulating the phase difference of back-propagating coherent beams to tailor absorption.

Main Results:

Demonstrated ultra-broadband CPA in the THz regime (8.34-25.07 THz) with tunable absorptivity from 95.7% to 38.1%.
Achieved polarization-independent absorption with high performance across wide incident angles (up to 70° for TE waves and 60° for TM waves).
Maintained over 74.8% absorptivity for TE waves and over 81.3% for TM waves within the operational frequency range and angles.

Conclusions:

The proposed CAMS offers an effective approach for designing ultra-broadband coherent absorption devices.
The metasurface exhibits excellent polarization independence and angular stability, crucial for practical THz applications.
This work paves the way for advanced THz devices such as modulators, switches, and signal processors.