Cavity-resonator integrated bi-atom grating coupler for enhanced second-harmonic generation

We report on the design of cavity-resonator integrated grating couplers for second-harmonic generation. The key point is that the base pattern of our grating coupler (GC) is made of two ridges with different widths (bi-atom). Thus, we reach extremely high Q-factors (above 10⁵) with structures whose fabrication is not challenging, since the bi-atom base pattern is close to that of the surrounded distributed Bragg reflectors (DBR). Yet, the parameters of the structure have to be chosen cautiously to reduce the transition losses between each section (GC, DBR). We numerically demonstrate conversion efficiencies η of several tenths per Watt, even doubled when we include a phase-matching grating within the structuration. Such efficiencies are comparable to those obtained with waveguides and nano-resonators.