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A Rare Case of Blood Culture-Negative Isolated Pulmonic Valve Endocarditis Causing Empyema

Bradley Casey1, Destinee A Hua1, Amudhan Jyothidasan2

  • 1Internal Medicine, Cape Fear Valley Medical Center, Fayetteville, USA.

Cureus
|October 19, 2022
PubMed

Insights

This case report details a rare instance of isolated pulmonic valve infective endocarditis (IE) in a patient with poor oral hygiene. The patient later developed empyema caused by Streptococcus constellatus.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medical Case Reports

Background:

  • Right-sided native valve infective endocarditis (IE) involves the tricuspid or pulmonic valves.
  • Common risk factors include intravenous drug use, intracardiac devices, and central venous catheters.
  • Isolated pulmonic valve IE is exceedingly rare, accounting for less than 2% of all IE cases.

Observation:

  • This report presents a unique case of isolated blood culture-negative pulmonic valve IE.
  • The patient had a history of poor oral hygiene.
  • The condition subsequently led to the development of empyema.

Findings:

  • The empyema was found to be positive for Streptococcus constellatus.
  • This case highlights an unusual presentation of IE and its complications.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering less common etiologies and presentations in infective endocarditis.
  • Poor oral hygiene may be an underrecognized risk factor for right-sided IE.
  • Further research into the link between oral health and IE is warranted.
Keywords:
blood culture-negative endocarditisechocardiographyempyemapericardial effusionpoor oral hygienepulmonic valve endocarditis

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