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The degradation of metals due to natural electrochemical processes is known as corrosion. Rust formation on iron, tarnishing of silver, and the blue-green patina that develops on copper are examples of corrosion. Corrosion involves the oxidation of metals. Sometimes it is protective, such as the oxidation of copper or aluminum, wherein a protective layer of metal oxide or its derivatives forms on the surface, protecting the underlying metal from further oxidation. In other cases, corrosion is...
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The corrosion of steel reinforcement within concrete is a process influenced by the material's inherent properties and external factors. The high pH level of around 13, provided by calcium hydroxide present in concrete, initially protects the steel reinforcement by promoting the formation of a passive iron oxide layer on its surface.
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Microbial Corrosion in Orthodontics.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Microbially induced corrosion (MIC) of metal braces by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) is a significant concern in orthodontics. This study highlights the prevalence of SRB in the oral cavity and their role in corroding orthodontic materials, especially within biofilms.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral microbiology
  • Corrosion science
  • Biomaterials science

Background:

  • Metal braces remain prevalent in orthodontics, particularly for adolescents, despite the rise of clear aligners.
  • While advantages like lower cost exist, metal braces are susceptible to corrosion, a widely researched issue.
  • Microbially induced corrosion (MIC) by oral microorganisms has not been adequately addressed in orthodontic literature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in the microbially induced corrosion (MIC) of orthodontic materials.
  • To highlight the prevalence of SRB in the oral cavity and their potential implications for orthodontic treatment.
  • To explore the contribution of oral biofilms to the corrosion process of metal braces.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on microbial corrosion, oral microbiology, and orthodontic materials.
  • Analysis of studies reporting SRB prevalence in healthy individuals, periodontitis patients, and orthodontic patients.
  • Examination of research on biofilm formation in the oral cavity and its role in corrosion.

Main Results:

  • Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), particularly genera like *Desulfovibrio* and *Desulfobacter*, are prevalent in the oral cavity, even in healthy individuals.
  • SRB are known to cause corrosion of stainless steel and are implicated in periodontal and gastrointestinal diseases.
  • Oral biofilms, which are more prevalent in orthodontic patients due to appliances, create favorable conditions for SRB growth and contribute to the corrosion of metallic structures.

Conclusions:

  • The presence of SRB in the oral cavity, coupled with increased biofilm formation around orthodontic appliances, significantly elevates the risk of microbially induced corrosion (MIC) of metal braces.
  • Further research is crucial to understand and mitigate MIC in orthodontic materials.
  • Addressing SRB and biofilm-related corrosion is essential for improving the longevity and efficacy of orthodontic treatments.