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Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein MOG35-55 Induced Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis EAE in C57BL/6 Mice
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Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein MOG35-55 Induced Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis EAE in C57BL/6 Mice

Published on: April 15, 2014

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MOG antibody-associated encephalitis in adult: clinical phenotypes and outcomes

Woo-Jin Lee1,2, Young Nam Kwon1, Boram Kim1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
|October 19, 2022
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis (MOGAE) outcomes vary by subtype. Short immunotherapy maintenance and brain atrophy correlate with relapse and poor outcomes, especially in dual MOG-antibody and NMDAR-antibody patients.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Investigating clinical characteristics and outcomes of MOG antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis (MOGAE) in adult patients.
  • Focus on institutional cohort with over 1-year follow-up.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze disease severity, immunotherapy, outcomes, and relapses in adult MOGAE patients.
  • To evaluate serial brain MRI data in relation to clinical course.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 40 adult MOGAE patients.
  • Assessment of disease severity using modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and Clinical Assessment Scale in Autoimmune Encephalitis.
  • Evaluation of immunotherapy, outcomes, relapses, and serial brain MRI.

Main Results:

  • 80% achieved good outcomes (mRS 0-2), 40% relapsed.
  • Limbic encephalitis (LE) subtype showed older onset and poorer outcomes but low relapse rate.
  • Short immunotherapy (<6 months) linked to 84% of relapses.
  • Brain atrophy correlated with poor outcomes.
  • Dual MOG-antibody and NMDAR-antibody patients had atypical presentations and higher relapse rates.

Conclusions:

  • MOGAE outcomes differ significantly across cortical encephalitis, LE, and ADEM phenotypes.
  • Inadequate immunotherapy maintenance (<6 months) increases relapse risk.
  • Brain atrophy on MRI predicts poor clinical outcomes.
  • Co-occurrence of MOG- and NMDAR-antibodies is associated with high relapse rates.
Keywords:
AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALITIS

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