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Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS

293
Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
293
Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

353
Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
353
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Bulk-Forming and Stimulant Laxatives01:22

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Bulk-Forming and Stimulant Laxatives

288
Laxatives enhance bowel movements and alleviate constipation. They augment the stool's bulk, stimulate intestinal muscle contractions, draw water into the intestines, or soften the stool. There are five key types of laxatives: bulk laxatives, stimulant laxatives, osmotic laxatives, stool softeners, and lubricant laxatives.
Bulk-forming laxatives, such as psyllium, methylcellulose, and polycarbophil, absorb water in the intestine, increasing stool bulk and promoting bowel movement. This...
288
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Other Laxatives01:20

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Other Laxatives

370
Laxatives are primarily used to alleviate constipation, a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by infrequent bowel movements and difficulty passing stools. They work by various mechanisms to increase the volume or frequency of bowel movements. The primary modes of action of laxatives include increasing stool bulk, softening the stool, stimulating intestinal motility, and osmotically drawing water into the intestines.
Osmotic or saline laxatives, like magnesium hydroxide or milk of...
370
Irritable Bowel Syndrome III: Medical and Nursing Management01:30

Irritable Bowel Syndrome III: Medical and Nursing Management

274
Managing Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) involves a multifaceted approach, including lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, and medication.
274
Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

268
Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
268

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Updated: Aug 24, 2025

Electroacupuncture Combined with Chinese Medicine Ironing Therapy for Functional Constipation
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Constipation in Children and Adolescents.

Martin Classen, Franziska Righini-Grunder, Stefan Schumann

    Deutsches Arzteblatt International
    |October 20, 2022
    PubMed
    Summary

    Childhood constipation, affecting 6.8% of German youth, is often functional and linked to incontinence. Effective treatment involves education, laxatives, and behavioral therapy for improved quality of life.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Gastroenterology
    • Child Health
    • Clinical Medicine

    Background:

    • Constipation affects approximately 6.8% of children and adolescents in Germany.
    • It can be acute or chronic, with organic or functional origins.
    • Constipation is frequently associated with comorbid conditions, notably fecal incontinence.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review current understanding and treatment strategies for constipation in children and adolescents.
    • To provide evidence-based recommendations for managing pediatric constipation and associated symptoms.

    Main Methods:

    • A selective literature search was conducted on PubMed and Google Scholar.
    • Keywords included "constipation," "children and adolescents," and "incontinence."
    • Recommendations were informed by the AWMF guideline and international reviews.

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    Main Results:

    • Over 90% of chronic constipation cases in children are functional.
    • Functional constipation is linked to fecal and urinary incontinence, increasing UTI risk (RR 2.2–6.5).
    • Psychological symptoms affect 30-50% of cases; treatment focuses on education, laxatives, and toilet training.

    Conclusions:

    • Treatment for childhood constipation should commence post-diagnosis.
    • Parental education, regular follow-up, and tailored therapies are crucial.
    • Comprehensive management strategies can significantly improve children's quality of life.