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The mechanism analysis of exogenous melatonin in limiting pear fruit aroma decrease under low temperature storage.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Exogenous melatonin (MT) enhances fruit preservation by maintaining quality and delaying deterioration. This study identified optimal MT concentrations and key genes involved in its beneficial effects on fruit storage.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Plant Physiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Food Science

Background:

  • Exogenous melatonin (MT) is recognized for its role in extending fruit shelf life and mitigating quality decline.
  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind melatonin's effects is crucial for optimizing fruit preservation strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the optimal concentration of melatonin for preserving 'Xinli No.7' pears.
  • To investigate the physiological and molecular impacts of melatonin treatment on fruit quality during storage.
  • To identify key genes and metabolic pathways regulated by melatonin.

Main Methods:

  • 'Xinli No.7' pears were treated with 150 μM melatonin and stored at 4°C for 60 days.
  • Physiological indexes (oxidase activity, pulp hardness, weight loss, titratable acid, soluble solids, ethylene release, aroma content) were measured.
  • RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) was employed to analyze gene expression profiles.
  • Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and enriched in functional and KEGG pathways.

Main Results:

  • 150 μM melatonin significantly improved oxidase activity and inhibited the decline of physiological quality indexes.
  • Melatonin treatment reduced ethylene release and preserved fruit aroma, with a 43.53% average increase in aroma substances.
  • RNA-Seq analysis revealed 2,761 DEGs, primarily enriched in alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and plant hormone signal transduction.
  • The gene pycom09g05270, involved in fatty acid metabolism, was identified as potentially crucial for quality maintenance.

Conclusions:

  • Melatonin is effective in preserving 'Xinli No.7' pear quality by modulating physiological processes and gene expression.
  • Key pathways like fatty acid metabolism and plant hormone signaling are implicated in melatonin's fruit preservation effects.
  • The gene pycom09g05270 represents a potential target for enhancing fruit storage longevity.