Crosstalk among long non-coding RNA, tumor-associated macrophages and small extracellular vesicles in tumorigenesis...

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Molecular Biology
• Immunology

Background:

• Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate cancer cell functions like growth and metastasis.
• Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are key players in the tumor microenvironment, impacting cancer progression.
• Small extracellular vesicles (sEV) mediate intercellular communication, carrying molecules like lncRNAs between cancer cells and macrophages.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current knowledge on the interplay between sEV, lncRNAs, and TAMs in tumors.
• To explore the role of these interactions in cancer onset and progression.
• To provide insights into novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for cancer immunotherapy.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies investigating lncRNAs, TAMs, and sEV in cancer.
• Analysis of the mechanisms by which cancer cell and macrophage-derived sEV transport lncRNAs.
• Synthesis of findings on the functional impact of these interactions on tumor progression.

Main Results:

• lncRNAs carried by sEV can modulate TAM functions and influence the tumor microenvironment.
• The dysregulation of lncRNAs, TAMs, and sEV is a common feature in various tumors.
• These interactions are critical for cancer cell invasion, metastasis, and overall progression.

Conclusions:

• The intricate relationship between sEV, lncRNAs, and TAMs presents promising targets for cancer immunotherapy.
• Targeting these components could lead to the development of novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic interventions for cancer.
• Further research is needed to fully elucidate these complex interactions for clinical applications.