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Interleukin-1 in Coronary Artery Disease
Evangelos Oikonomou1, Paraskevas Tsaplaris1, Artemis Anastasiou1
13rd Department of Cardiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Sotiria Chest Disease Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
|October 20, 2022
Summary
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) drives atherosclerosis by promoting inflammation and vascular damage. Targeting IL-1 offers a promising therapeutic strategy for reducing cardiovascular disease progression and events.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Immunology
- Inflammation Research
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease is a leading global cause of death.
- Inflammation is central to coronary artery disease pathogenesis.
- The interleukin-1 (IL-1) family plays a critical role in inflammatory responses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of IL-1 in atherosclerosis.
- To examine the IL-1 family's involvement in the inflammation cascade.
- To discuss the clinical application of IL-1 targeted anti-inflammatory treatments.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on IL-1 family members.
- Analysis of IL-1's role in cellular processes of atherosclerosis.
- Evaluation of clinical data on IL-1 biomarkers and targeted therapies.
Main Results:
- IL-1 family members, particularly via the NLRP3 inflammasome, process key inflammatory mediators IL-1 beta and IL-18.
- IL-1 promotes atherosclerosis by enhancing endothelial cell activation, leukocyte recruitment, and smooth muscle cell migration.
- IL-1 contributes to atheroma formation, LDL aggregation, and procoagulant activity.
- IL-1 beta, IL-18, and IL-37 show prognostic potential in coronary artery disease.
- Targeted anti-inflammatory therapies show promise in mitigating atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events.
Conclusions:
- Interleukin-1 is a significant driver of atherosclerosis through its multifaceted inflammatory actions.
- IL-1 biomarkers hold potential for improved diagnostics and prognostics in cardiovascular disease.
- Targeted anti-inflammatory therapies modulating IL-1 signaling represent a promising clinical strategy for cardiovascular disease management.
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