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Pumpkin Polysaccharide Extracted by Subcritical Water: Physicochemical Characterization and Anti-Diabetic Effects in
Yongrui Ti1, Weizhen Wang1, Xiaoxiao Wang1
1Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
Scope:
This study aims to optimize the extraction of pumpkin polysaccharide by subcritical water, investigates the physicochemical properties and biological activities of pumpkin polysaccharide.
Methods And Results:
Subcritical water is used to extract pumpkin polysaccharide. The structure and composition of pumpkin polysaccharide are analyzed by infrared spectroscopy, gel filtration chromatography, and high-performance liquid chromatography. The hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic potential of pumpkin polysaccharide aere determined by the physicochemical indexes, pathological, and immunohistochemical analysis in T2DM rats induced by STZ + high-fat diet. The optimal conditions for subcritical water are 1:15, 150°C, and 10 min. Pumpkin polysaccharide has α-configurations and are mainly composed of seven different monosaccharides, and it exhibits good free-radical scavenging ability and inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and pancreatic lipase activities. Pumpkin polysaccharide treatment in T2DM rats significantly decreases the concentrations of blood glucose, insulin, TC, TG, LDL-C, and MDA; increases the levels of HDL-C; and enhances the antioxidant enzymes activities (SOD and CAT). Histopathology and immunohistochemical analyses reveal that pumpkin polysaccharide has protective effects on kidney and pancreatic organs in T2DM rats.
Conclusion:
Pumpkin polysaccharide extracted by SWE shows great potential as functional food ingredients and candidates for T2DM treatment.
