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In statistics, several tools are used to interpret the data. Measures of central tendency represent the characteristics of the data, such as mean, median, and mode. Additionally, measures of variance like standard deviation and range are used to find the spread of data from the mean. Relative standing measures the distance between data locations. Commonly used measures of relative standings are percentile, z score, and quartiles.
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Updated: Aug 24, 2025

Establishing an Octopus Ecosystem for Biomedical and Bioengineering Research
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Peer review without gatekeeping.

Michael B Eisen1, Anna Akhmanova1, Timothy E Behrens1

  • 1eLife, Cambridge, United Kingdom.

Elife
|October 20, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

eLife is shifting its editorial process to prioritize public preprint reviews. The journal will eliminate traditional accept/reject decisions following peer review to enhance scientific transparency.

Keywords:
peer reviewpreprintsresearch assessmentresearch communicationscientific publishing

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Area of Science:

  • * Scholarly publishing and scientific communication.
  • * Open science practices and peer review reform.

Background:

  • * Traditional peer review models often involve opaque decision-making processes.
  • * Preprints are increasingly used to disseminate research findings rapidly.

Discussion:

  • * eLife's new model focuses on public assessment of preprints, moving away from post-peer review accept/reject decisions.
  • * This shift aims to increase transparency and accountability in scientific publishing.
  • * Emphasis is placed on the quality of the review and assessment rather than a binary publication decision.

Key Insights:

  • * Elimination of accept/reject decisions post-peer review.
  • * Increased emphasis on public reviews and preprint assessments.
  • * A move towards a more transparent and open editorial process.

Outlook:

  • * Potential for wider adoption of similar models in scientific journals.
  • * Further evolution of peer review systems in response to open science principles.
  • * Enhanced public engagement with scientific research and its evaluation.