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Exploring US internal medicine resident career preferences: a Q-methodology study
John K Roberts1, Micah Schub2, Surbhi Singhal3
1Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3512, Durham, NC, 27710, USA. john.roberts@duke.edu.
Advances in Health Sciences Education : Theory and Practice
|October 20, 2022
Summary
Four distinct career viewpoints guide U.S. Internal Medicine (IM) residents’ specialty choices, reflecting a mix of professional goals and personal priorities. Understanding these perspectives can help address physician shortages and improve job satisfaction.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Physician Workforce
- Career Development
Background:
- Career selection in medicine is complex and understudied, particularly regarding resident attitudes and preferences.
- Existing U.S. research often emphasizes demographics and debt, overlooking crucial attitudinal factors.
- Addressing physician shortages requires a deeper understanding of factors influencing career decisions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore and define dominant viewpoints influencing career choice among U.S. Internal Medicine (IM) residents.
- To identify distinct attitudinal profiles shaping postgraduate career decisions.
- To correlate identified viewpoints with actual career selections.
Main Methods:
- An electronic Q-sort methodology was employed with 218 IM residents.
- Participants sorted 50 statements reflecting diverse opinions on postgraduate career choices.
- Factor analysis identified four distinct resident viewpoints, with career choices confirmed at residency's end.
Main Results:
- Four dominant viewpoints emerged: 'Fellowship-Bound-Academic,' 'Altruistic-Longitudinal-Generalist,' 'Inpatient-Burnout-Aware,' and 'Lifestyle-Focused-Consultant.'
- A significant concordance was observed between residents' identified viewpoint and their ultimate career choice.
- These viewpoints represent the interplay of professional identity, personal interests, and work-life satisfaction.
Conclusions:
- Contemporary U.S. IM residents exhibit four primary career choice viewpoints.
- These perspectives highlight the complex balance residents strike between competing priorities.
- Understanding these determinants can inform strategies to mitigate physician workforce shortages and enhance professional fulfillment.
Keywords:
Career decisionInternal medicineMedical education researchPostgraduatePsychometricsQ-methodologyQ-sortMore Related Videos
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