Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Newtonian Fluid: Problem Solving01:18

Newtonian Fluid: Problem Solving

342
Newtonian fluids exhibit a constant viscosity, meaning their shear stress and shear strain rate are directly proportional. This property ensures a predictable and stable response to applied forces, maintaining a linear relationship between force and flow. Examples include water, air, and light oils, consistently demonstrating this proportional behavior regardless of external conditions.
A velocity gradient forms within the fluid when a Newtonian fluid is placed between two parallel plates, with...
342
Couette Flow01:22

Couette Flow

393
Couette flow represents the flow of fluid between two parallel plates, with one plate fixed and the other moving with a constant velocity. This configuration allows for a simplified analysis using the Navier-Stokes equations, which govern fluid motion under conditions of viscosity and incompressibility. For Couette flow, the assumptions include a steady, laminar, incompressible flow with a zero-pressure gradient in the flow direction. This flow type is beneficial for understanding shear-driven...
393
Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

195.9K
Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
195.9K
Navier–Stokes Equations01:28

Navier–Stokes Equations

690
For incompressible Newtonian fluids, where density remains constant, stresses show a linear relationship with the deformation rate, defined by normal and shear stresses. Normal stresses depend on the pressure exerted on the fluid and the rate of deformation in specific directions, which determines how fluid flows under varying pressures. Shear stresses, on the other hand, act tangentially across fluid layers. They explain how adjacent fluid layers slide relative to one another, connecting...
690
Viscosity01:17

Viscosity

6.0K
When water is poured into a glass, it falls freely and quickly, whereas if honey or maple syrup is poured over a pancake, it flows slowly and sticks to the surface of the container. This difference in the flow of different kinds of liquids arises due to the fluid friction between the liquid layers and the liquid and the surrounding material. This property of fluids is called fluid viscosity. In this example, water has a lower viscosity than honey and maple syrup.
The SI unit of viscosity is...
6.0K
Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion03:48

Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion

29.3K
Although gaseous molecules travel at tremendous speeds (hundreds of meters per second), they collide with other gaseous molecules and travel in many different directions before reaching the desired target. At room temperature, a gaseous molecule will experience billions of collisions per second. The mean free path is the average distance a molecule travels between collisions. The mean free path increases with decreasing pressure; in general, the mean free path for a gaseous molecule will be...
29.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Unlocking microbial interactions: Multi-Plant-based-substrate fermentation with water kefir starters for functional beverage innovation.

Current research in food science·2025
Same author

Early Factors Related to Healthcare Utilization by Infection Status among Combat Injured.

Military medicine·2025
Same author

Provider Differences in Costs, Utilization, and Quality of Primary Care for Traumatic Brain Injury in the Military.

Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research·2025
Same author

Economic Burden of Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias by Race and Ethnicity, 2020 to 2060.

JAMA network open·2025
Same author

A comprehensive comparison of bias correction methods in climate model simulations: Application on ERA5-Land across different temporal resolutions.

Heliyon·2024
Same author

Decision and economic evaluation of abortion availability in the United States military.

American journal of obstetrics and gynecology·2024
Same journal

Erratum: Low-dimensional model for adaptive networks of spiking neurons [Phys. Rev. E 111, 014422 (2025)].

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Disentangling the effects of many-body forces on depletion interactions.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Charge transport and mode transition in dual-energy electron beam diodes.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Optimization of multisite reactions in complex compartmentalized media.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Origin of geometric cohesion in nonconvex granular materials: Interplay between interdigitation and rotational constraints enhancing frictional stability.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Interaction of walkers with a standing Faraday wave.

Physical review. E·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 24, 2025

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow
08:01

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow

Published on: May 1, 2018

8.6K

Self-diffusion in inhomogeneous granular shearing flows.

Riccardo Artoni1, Patrick Richard1, Michele Larcher2

  • 1MAST-GPEM, Université Gustave Eiffel, IFSTTAR, F-44344 Bouguenais, France.

Physical Review. E
|October 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Flow inhomogeneity significantly impacts self-diffusion in granular materials. Granular temperature, not shear rate, better predicts diffusion coefficients in these complex flows, aiding mixing and segregation models.

More Related Videos

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

8.6K
Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions
11:51

Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions

Published on: February 22, 2018

8.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 24, 2025

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow
08:01

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow

Published on: May 1, 2018

8.6K
An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

8.6K
Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions
11:51

Visually Based Characterization of the Incipient Particle Motion in Regular Substrates: From Laminar to Turbulent Conditions

Published on: February 22, 2018

8.8K

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Engineering
  • Geophysics

Background:

  • Self-diffusion in granular flows is well-understood for homogeneous shearing.
  • The impact of flow inhomogeneity, shear localization, and nonlocality on self-diffusion remains unstudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how flow inhomogeneity affects self-diffusion coefficients in granular flows.
  • To develop improved diffusion models for inhomogeneous granular flows.

Main Methods:

  • Discrete numerical simulations of steady, inhomogeneous, collisional shearing flows.
  • Used nearly identical, frictional, and inelastic spheres.
  • Focused on dense solid volume fractions relevant to geophysical and industrial flows.

Main Results:

  • Compared self-diffusion coefficients using scaling based on shear rate versus granular temperature.
  • Found that scaling based on granular temperature significantly outperformed scaling based on shear rate.
  • Demonstrated that granular temperature is a more robust predictor for diffusion in inhomogeneous flows.

Conclusions:

  • Established foundations for diffusion models in inhomogeneous shearing flows.
  • Results are crucial for understanding and predicting mixing and segregation in granular materials.
  • Highlights the importance of granular temperature in characterizing transport phenomena in dense granular flows.