Comparison of different bioglass applications on root caries - A laboratory-based study

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Restorative Dentistry
• Cariology

Background:

• Root caries is a significant dental issue, particularly in aging populations.
• Bioglass has demonstrated remineralization potential in previous studies.
• Optimizing bioglass concentration for root caries treatment is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of different bioglass concentrations in a prophylaxis paste for treating root caries in vitro.
• To assess the impact of bioglass on surface roughness and calcium ion release in carious tooth root surfaces.

Main Methods:

• An in vitro study using 90 extracted teeth with root caries.
• Teeth were treated with prophylaxis pastes containing 15% bioglass, 5% bioglass, or 1,450 ppm fluoride (control).
• Surface roughness was measured over 720 hours; calcium ion release and SEM analysis were also performed.

Main Results:

• The 15% bioglass group showed the most significant reduction in surface roughness (p=0.001).
• Calcium ion release was highest in the 5% bioglass group, while the control group showed the least release.
• SEM confirmed the presence of bioglass particles on samples treated with 15% bioglass.

Conclusions:

• A prophylaxis paste containing 15% bioglass effectively reduced surface roughness, indicating potential for root caries arrest.
• Higher bioglass concentrations may offer superior surface smoothing effects compared to lower concentrations or fluoride alone.
• Further clinical studies are warranted to confirm the therapeutic potential of bioglass in root caries management.