Bilateral simultaneous primary Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A rare presentation

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Oral Medicine
• Surgical Oncology

Background:

• Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSSC) is a prevalent oral malignancy with challenging control due to its field cancerization effect.
• Simultaneous bilateral primary OSSC is a rare clinical presentation, necessitating awareness for early diagnosis and treatment.

Observation:

• A case of a 50-year-old male with a history of diabetes, hypertension, and chronic betel nut chewing presented with simultaneously growing bilateral primary OSSC in the buccal mucosa.
• CT scan revealed heterogeneous enhancing thickening in the bilateral buccogingival mucosa.

Findings:

• The case highlights the significance of betel nut consumption in the development of bilateral primary OSSC.
• Bilateral primary OSSC can occur independently of tobacco, betel nut, or alcohol use, emphasizing its inclusion in differential diagnoses.

Implications:

• Close surveillance and early, expectant management of multiple bilateral primary oral tumors can significantly improve patient prognosis and survival.
• Thorough early-stage screening techniques are vital for detecting and appropriately treating bilateral primary OSSC lesions.