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Novel Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Protein Extraction Method for Pottery Residues and Archeological Implications.

Manasij Pal Chowdhury1,2, Cheryl Makarewicz3,4, Henny Piezonka3,4

  • 1Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K.

Journal of Proteome Research
|October 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Paleoproteomics can now identify ancient foods in pottery using improved protein extraction methods. Deep eutectic solvents (DES) enhance protein recovery, enabling better analysis of ancient diets, including birds and fish.

Keywords:
Archaeological potteryCross-species proteomicsDESDeep eutectic solventProtein extractionResidue analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Archaeological science
  • Biochemistry
  • Paleoproteomics

Background:

  • Proteomic analysis of residues in ancient ceramics is key for identifying processed foodstuffs.
  • Detailed methodological studies in paleoproteomics are scarce, limiting the technique's application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present three methodological advancements in paleoproteomics for enhanced food residue analysis.
  • To compare protein extraction efficiency using deep eutectic solvents (DES) versus guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl).
  • To investigate the impact of database choice on taxonomic identification in complex ancient samples.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative absorption and identification of various food proteins in modern and ethnoarchaeological ceramics.
  • Application of deep eutectic solvent (DES) for extracting ceramic-bound proteins.
  • Proteomic analysis and database searching for taxonomic identification.

Main Results:

  • Deep eutectic solvent (DES) demonstrated superior protein extraction efficiency compared to guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl).
  • Cereal proteins were absorbed, extracted, and identified as readily as meat proteins.
  • Challenges in cross-species proteomics due to database limitations were highlighted, impacting taxonomic assignments.
  • Successful proteomic separation of fishes and birds was achieved, with birds being previously undetectable by lipidomics.

Conclusions:

  • The study introduces significant methodological improvements for paleoproteomic analysis of ancient ceramic residues.
  • DES offers a more effective method for extracting bound proteins, advancing the identification of consumed foods.
  • Accurate taxonomic identification requires careful consideration of database representation, especially for less common species.
  • This research enhances the ability to track the exploitation of avian and fish species in ancient societies.