DnaJ, a promising vaccine candidate against Ureaplasma urealyticum infection
Fangyi Guo1,2,3, Yanhong Tang4, Wenjun Zhang1,3
1Center of Medical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, China.
Insights
A novel recombinant Ureaplasma urealyticum (U. urealyticum) DnaJ vaccine candidate shows promise. It effectively stimulates immune responses and protects against U. urealyticum infection in a mouse model.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Microbiology
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Ureaplasma urealyticum (U. urealyticum) is a common sexually transmitted pathogen causing various diseases.
- Multidrug resistance in U. urealyticum necessitates novel therapeutic strategies like vaccination.
- DnaJ, a conserved molecular chaperone, is upregulated by pathogens post-infection, suggesting its potential as a vaccine target.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the vaccine potential of recombinant U. urealyticum DnaJ (Uu-DnaJ).
- To assess the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of Uu-DnaJ in a mouse model.
- To investigate the role of Uu-DnaJ in dendritic cell maturation and T helper cell differentiation.
Main Methods:
- Construction and intramuscular administration of recombinant Uu-DnaJ in mice.
- Assessment of humoral and T helper (Th) 1 cell-mediated immune responses.
- Evaluation of Uu-DnaJ's effect on dendritic cell maturation and T cell differentiation.
- Adoptive immunization using DnaJ-pulsed dendritic cells.
Main Results:
- Intramuscular Uu-DnaJ vaccination induced robust antigen-specific humoral (IgG2) and Th1 cellular immune responses.
- Uu-DnaJ vaccination protected mice against genital tract infection, inflammation, and sequelae.
- Uu-DnaJ promoted the maturation of dendritic cells, enhancing Th1 cell differentiation.
- Adoptive transfer of DnaJ-pulsed dendritic cells elicited a Th1-biased immune response.
Conclusions:
- Recombinant Uu-DnaJ is a promising vaccine candidate for controlling U. urealyticum infections.
- Uu-DnaJ vaccination effectively induces protective immunity through humoral and Th1 cell-mediated mechanisms.
- DnaJ's ability to activate dendritic cells and promote Th1 responses supports its role in vaccine development against U. urealyticum.
Abstract:
Ureaplasma urealyticum (U. urealyticum, Uu) is a common sexually transmitted pathogen that is responsible for diseases such as non-gonococcal urethritis, chorioamnionitis, and neonatal respiratory diseases. The rapid emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria threatens the effective treatment of Uu infections. Considering this, vaccination could be an efficacious medical intervention to prevent Uu infection and disease. As a highly conserved molecular chaperone, DnaJ is expressed and upregulated by pathogens soon after infection. Here, we assessed the vaccine potential of recombinant Uu-DnaJ in a mouse model and dendritic cells. Results showed that intramuscular administration of DnaJ induced robust humoral- and T helper (Th) 1 cell-mediated immune responses and protected against genital tract infection, inflammation, and the pathologic sequelae after Uu infection. Importantly, the DnaJ protein also induced the maturation of mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs), ultimately promoting naïve T cell differentiation toward the Th1 phenotype. In addition, adoptive immunization of DnaJ-pulsed BMDCs elicited antigen-specific Immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) antibodies as well as a Th1-biased cellular response in mice. These results support DnaJ as a promising vaccine candidate to control Uu infections. KEY POINTS: • A novel recombinant vaccine was constructed against U. urealyticum infection. • Antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses after DnaJ vaccination. • Dendritic cells are activated by Uu-DnaJ, which results in a Th1-biased immune response.
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