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Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

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Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
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Functional Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy at 7 T in the Rat Barrel Cortex During Whisker Activation
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Metabolic Recruitment in Brain Tissue.

L F Barros1,2, I Ruminot1,2, T Sotelo-Hitschfeld3

  • 1Centro de Estudios Científicos (CECs), Valdivia, Chile;

Annual Review of Physiology
|October 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Active neurons recruit energy from surroundings via metabolic recruitment. Neuronal potassium release signals astrocytes to boost glucose and oxygen supply, supporting brain function.

Keywords:
astrocytesglucoseglycolysislactatemitochondrianeuronsoxygen

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cellular Metabolism
  • Neuroenergetics

Background:

  • Neurons have high energy demands for information processing.
  • Limited energy stores necessitate efficient fuel acquisition.
  • Understanding how neurons meet metabolic needs is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explain the phenomenon of metabolic recruitment in the brain.
  • To identify the signaling mechanisms and cellular players involved in metabolic recruitment.
  • To elucidate how neurons sustain their high energy requirements.

Main Methods:

  • Discussed the role of potassium (K+) release from active neurons.
  • Highlighted astrocyte sensing of K+ via NBCe1 and Na+/K+ ATPase.
  • Described the metabolic switch in astrocytes, including Crabtree metabolism and lactate export.

Main Results:

  • Neuronal K+ release triggers rapid astrocyte metabolic reprogramming.
  • Astrocytes increase glucose uptake (GLUT1) and aerobic glycolysis.
  • Lactate export by astrocytes acts as a secondary signal, influencing distant cells.

Conclusions:

  • Metabolic recruitment ensures increased availability of glucose, lactate, and oxygen.
  • This process complements neurovascular coupling to support neuronal function.
  • Metabolic recruitment is essential for the dynamic range of individual neurons.