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Histiocytic Diseases.

Peter F Moore1

  • 1VM PMI, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, 4206 VM3A, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.

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|October 21, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Canine cutaneous histiocytomas and feline pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis involve specific cell origins. Histiocytic sarcomas in various animals can arise from dendritic cells or macrophages, impacting multiple organs.

Keywords:
Histiocytic sarcomaHistiocytomaInterstitial dendritic cellLangerhans cellLangerhans cell histiocytosisMacrophageProgressive histiocytosisReactive histiocytosis

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Dermatology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Canine cutaneous histiocytomas are linked to Langerhans cells.
  • Feline pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis can lead to severe respiratory issues.
  • Histiocytic sarcomas in animals often originate from interstitial dendritic cells or macrophages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the cellular origins and manifestations of various histiocytic diseases in dogs and cats.
  • To differentiate between benign histiocytomas and malignant histiocytic sarcomas.
  • To understand the diverse origins and affected tissues of histiocytic disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Histopathological examination of affected tissues.
  • Immunohistochemical analysis to identify cell lineages.
  • Clinical case review of canine and feline histiocytic conditions.

Main Results:

  • Canine cutaneous histiocytomas originate from Langerhans cells, with multiple lesions termed cutaneous Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
  • Feline pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis is associated with extensive lung infiltration and respiratory failure.
  • Histiocytic sarcomas commonly arise from interstitial dendritic cells, affecting spleen, lung, skin, brain, lymph nodes, bone marrow, and synovial tissues.
  • Progressive histiocytosis (cats) and hemophagocytic histiocytic sarcomas (splenic red pulp macrophages) represent distinct forms.
  • Canine reactive histiocytoses involve immune dysregulation.

Conclusions:

  • Histiocytic diseases in companion animals exhibit diverse cellular origins and clinical presentations.
  • Understanding the cell of origin is crucial for diagnosing and managing these conditions.
  • Further research into immune dysregulation in canine reactive histiocytoses is warranted.