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Related Concept Videos

Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes01:15

Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes

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Membrane electrodes, also known as p-ion electrodes, use membranes that selectively interact with free analyte ions, generating a potential difference across the membrane. The resulting membrane potential, known as the asymmetry potential, is not zero even when analyte concentrations on both sides of the membrane are equal. The membrane's response is typically not selective to a single analyte but proportional to the concentration of all ions in the sample solution capable of interacting at...
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Detergents are used to purify the integral proteins of the membrane. The hydrophobic portion of the detergent can replace membrane phospholipids while solubilizing the membrane proteins. When detergent monomers reach a specific concentration in a solution called critical micelle concentration (CMC), they form micelles. Above CMC, the concentration of the detergent monomers remains in equilibrium with the micelle. The number of detergent monomers present in the CMC varies for each detergent, and...
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In size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), also known as molecular-exclusion or gel-permeation chromatography, molecules are separated based on their sizes. This technique is important for separating large molecules such as polymers and biomolecules. The two classes of micron-sized stationary phases encountered in SEC are silica particles and cross-linked polymer resin beads. Both materials are porous, but their pore sizes vary significantly.
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Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications01:30

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Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
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Supercritical Fluid Chromatography01:18

Supercritical Fluid Chromatography

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Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) provides a beneficial substitute for gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) for certain samples because it merges the top attributes of both techniques. SFC allows the separation and analysis of compounds that GC or LC does not easily manage. These compounds are traditionally nonvolatile or thermally unstable, making GC unsuitable and lacking functional groups required for HPLC analysis.
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Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 24, 2025

Electrophoretic Crystallization of Ultrathin High-performance Metal-organic Framework Membranes
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Ionic COF Composite Membranes for Selective Perfluoroalkyl Substances Separation.

Wenxiang Zhang1, Yinhui Li1, Zheng Xing1

  • 1School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China.

Macromolecular Rapid Communications
|October 22, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Ionic 2D COFs integrated into PAN substrates create composite membranes for efficient perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) removal from wastewater. These membranes offer high selectivity and permeability, addressing critical separation challenges.

Keywords:
composite membranesionic two-dimensional covalent organic frameworksperfluoroalkyl substancespolyacrylonitrileselective separation

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Environmental Engineering
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • High-performance membranes are crucial for effective separation technologies.
  • 2D covalent organic frameworks (2D COFs) offer tunable porosity and ordered channels, ideal for addressing the selectivity-permeability trade-off in membranes.
  • Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent environmental pollutants requiring advanced removal strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel composite membranes for selective perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) separation.
  • To investigate the integration of ionic 2D COFs (iCOFs) with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) substrates for enhanced membrane performance.
  • To evaluate the separation efficiency, permeability, and stability of the resulting composite membranes.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis and characterization of two types of ionic 2D COFs (iCOFs) with distinct charge properties.
  • Fabrication of composite membranes by integrating iCOFs onto polyacrylonitrile (PAN) substrates (PAN@iCOFs).
  • Testing the performance of PAN@iCOFs membranes for the selective rejection of both positively and negatively charged PFASs in wastewater, assessing permeability and mechanical properties.

Main Results:

  • The developed PAN@iCOFs composite membranes demonstrated excellent selective rejection of over 99.0% for both positively and negatively charged PFASs.
  • The membranes maintained high solvent permeability, indicating efficient water passage.
  • The composite membranes exhibited good mechanical properties, stability, and recyclability for practical applications.

Conclusions:

  • Ionic 2D COFs are effective building blocks for creating high-performance composite membranes for PFASs removal.
  • The developed PAN@iCOFs membranes offer a promising solution for tackling PFAS contamination in wastewater.
  • This approach successfully balances high selectivity and permeability, overcoming limitations of conventional membrane technologies.