Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF): Structure, functions and therapeutic potential

Area of Science:

• Molecular Biology
• Neuroscience
• Cell Biology

Background:

• Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) is a conserved protein with unique properties distinct from traditional neurotrophic factors.
• MANF possesses a saposin-like lipid-binding domain and a SAP domain, contributing to its diverse functions.
• MANF exhibits both neuroprotective effects and protective roles in various non-neuronal disease models.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive review of Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF).
• To detail MANF's structure, expression regulation, secretion mechanisms, and physiological functions across different tissues.
• To highlight MANF's protective effects during aging and its potential clinical applications, particularly in geroprotection.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of existing research on MANF.
• Analysis of MANF's structural components and functional domains.
• Synthesis of data on MANF's role in neurological and non-neurological conditions, including aging.

Main Results:

• MANF demonstrates significant neuroprotective capabilities.
• MANF shows efficacy in animal models for conditions like retinal damage, diabetes, liver injury, myocardial infarction, and nephrotic syndrome.
• MANF plays a crucial role in reversing age-related dysfunction and promoting geroprotection.

Conclusions:

• MANF is a versatile protein with significant therapeutic potential beyond the nervous system.
• Understanding MANF's mechanisms is key to developing novel treatments for age-related diseases.
• MANF represents a promising target for interventions aimed at enhancing healthspan and combating aging.