Characterization of peripheral T helper 17 (Th17) cells phenotype in postmenopausal women with estrogen insufficiency

Over the past few years, Th17 cells is considered a key player in osteoporosis pathogenesis. Although extensively studied in murine models, comprehensive Th17 cell characterization in osteoporotic women is elusive. We thus aimed to examine peripheral Th17 cells frequency and phenotypes in healthy and osteoporotic women. Our results demonstrated that Th17 cells were primarily CD4⁺CD45RA^-CCR7^-HALDR⁺CCR6^lowT-cells. Compared to Pre-N, Post-L showed increased proportion of Th17 with concomitant decrease in Th1 cells. The Th17 cells frequency in effector memory CD4⁺ T cells was significantly elevated in Post-N with a decrease of Th1 cells in effector memory subsets compared to Pre-N and Post-L. Both Post-N and Post-L had decreased frequency of dual positive Th1-Th17 cells and increased HLA-DR expression on Th17 cells compared to Pre-N. Thus, our study demonstrates increased Th17 cells frequency and reduced Th1 cells frequency with effector memory phenotype in postmenopausal women with estrogen insufficiency and correlates with aging process.