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Pyridine Controlled Tin Perovskite Crystallization.

Giuseppe Nasti1, Mahmoud Hussein Aldamasy2,3, Marion Alwine Flatken2

  • 1Department of Chemical Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Vincenzo Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy.

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Summary

Researchers found a new way to process tin perovskite solar cells. Using 4-(tert-butyl) pyridine instead of dimethyl sulfoxide improves film quality and photovoltaic performance without tin oxidation.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Renewable Energy
  • Photovoltaics

Background:

  • Controlling perovskite crystallization in thin films is crucial for efficient solar cell fabrication.
  • Tin-based perovskites offer a promising alternative to lead perovskites but face challenges in controlled solution processing due to rapid crystallization.
  • Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is used to slow tin perovskite crystallization but causes detrimental tin oxidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify an alternative solvent to DMSO for processing tin perovskite films.
  • To investigate the use of 4-(tert-butyl) pyridine as a crystallization control agent.
  • To evaluate the impact of 4-(tert-butyl) pyridine on film quality and photovoltaic performance.

Main Methods:

  • Solution processing of tin perovskite thin films using 4-(tert-butyl) pyridine as a solvent additive.
  • Characterization of film crystallization kinetics and morphology.
  • Assessment of tin oxidation states during film formation.
  • Measurement of defect density and charge carrier mobility.
  • Fabrication and testing of photovoltaic devices.

Main Results:

  • 4-(tert-butyl) pyridine effectively controls tin perovskite crystallization, similar to DMSO, but without causing tin oxidation.
  • Films processed with 4-(tert-butyl) pyridine exhibit a one-order-of-magnitude reduction in defect density compared to DMSO-processed films.
  • The reduced defect density enhances charge carrier mobility.
  • Photovoltaic devices fabricated using 4-(tert-butyl) pyridine show improved performance.

Conclusions:

  • 4-(tert-butyl) pyridine is a viable and advantageous alternative to DMSO for processing high-quality tin perovskite solar films.
  • This finding addresses the critical issue of tin oxidation, paving the way for more stable and efficient tin-based perovskite solar cells.
  • The improved film quality and charge transport properties suggest significant potential for advancing perovskite solar cell technology.